Abstract
ABSTRACTMicrobes appear in every corner of human life, and microbes affect every aspect of human life. The human oral cavity contains a number of different habitats. Synergy and interaction of variable oral microorganisms help human body against invasion of undesirable stimulation outside. However, imbalance of microbial flora contributes to oral diseases and systemic diseases. Oral microbiomes play an important role in the human microbial community and human health. The use of recently developed molecular methods has greatly expanded our knowledge of the composition and function of the oral microbiome in health and disease. Studies in oral microbiomes and their interactions with microbiomes in variable body sites and variable health condition are critical in our cognition of our body and how to make effect on human health improvement.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONThe discovery of microbes dates back to the 1700s. Historically, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek peered and examined dental plaque sampled from himself and others through his microscope
Oral microbiomes play an important role in the human microbial community and human health
The use of recently developed molecular methods has greatly expanded our knowledge of the composition and function of the oral microbiome in health and disease
Summary
The discovery of microbes dates back to the 1700s. Historically, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek peered and examined dental plaque sampled from himself and others through his microscope. Chen et al used the human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM) to compare the bacterial profiles in saliva and supragingival plaque samples between children with severe early childhood caries (SECC) and caries-free children They detected 379 bacterial species from all children and found several genera, including Streptococcus, Porphyromonas and Actinomyces, were strongly associated with SECC and could be potential biomarkers of dental caries in the primary dentition (Ma et al, 2015). Wang et al utilized MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons to identify complex oral microbiota associated with OLP from saliva samples of two subtypes (reticular and erosive) of OLP patients and healthy controls, and observed evident variations in abundance for several taxonomic groups in OLP (Wang et al, 2016). Bacteria from the oral cavity, and perhaps even gut, may correlate with disease markers of atherosclerosis (Koren et al, 2011; Libby et al, 2002)
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