Abstract
The oral microbiome of healthy older adults has valuable information about a healthy microbiome. In this study, we collected and analyzed the oral microbiome of denture plaque and tongue coating samples from four female centenarians. After DNA extraction and purification, pyrosequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA was carried out. The bacterial taxonomy for each lead was assigned based on a search of the EzBioCloud 16S database. We obtained a total of 199,723 valid, quality-controlled reads for denture plaque and 210,750 reads for tongue coating. The reads were assigned 407 operational taxonomic units with a 97% identity cutoff. Twenty-nine species were detected in both denture plaque and tongue coatings from all subjects. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum; the Streptococcus salivarius group was the most abundant species in both the denture plaque and tongue coatings; and the Fusobacterium nucleatum group was detected in all subjects. In the bacterial profile, species formed clusters composed of bacteria with a wide range of prevalence and abundance, not dependent on phyla; each cluster may have specific species that could be candidates for a core microbiome. Firmicutes and Veillonella were abundant phyla on both plaque and tongue coatings of centenarians.
Highlights
The human microbiome changes with age [1] and health affects the composition of the microflora.It has been suggested that aging is accompanied by an underlying inflammatory state [2] that interacts with the microbiota of older adults and makes them more susceptible to age-related diseases [3,4,5]
We describe the commonly prevalent and highly abundant species of four female centenarians and compare them with the healthy oral microbiome proposed in previous studies
This study describes microbial profiles of the oral cavities of four female centenarians by high
Summary
The human microbiome changes with age [1] and health affects the composition of the microflora. It has been suggested that aging is accompanied by an underlying inflammatory state [2] that interacts with the microbiota of older adults and makes them more susceptible to age-related diseases [3,4,5]. Changes in the gut microbiome are explained by diseases, including metabolic changes and inflammatory conditions. Studies of intestinal microbiota in the elderly show that the microbiome affects a variety of clinical problems, including physical weakness, Clostridium difficile infection, colitis, vulvar vaginal atrophy, colorectal cancer, and atherosclerosis [6]. The microbiota has been shown to correlate with the declining metabolism of essential amino acids by aging [7]
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