ORAL INTERPRETATION OF QS. AL-AHZAB:33 BY KH. SYA'RONI AHMAD: MAQASHIDI ANALYSIS

This paper presents a survey and proposal of a digital security reference model. The proposed reference model consists of three layers: technology and engineering layer, management layer, and legal layer. The first layer focuses on technologies and engineering processes to build a secure digital system. Then, the second layer is all about management or organizational procedures. Finally, the last layer consists of compliance with existing laws and regulations. The correlation between each layer is, first, focusing on the technology and engineering layer to get anything to build an organization's secure digital system. Then, create policies for all parties of the organizations. Last, make sure all of the technology used and procedures applied complied with the existing law. The last layer also has a role as if security breach success penetrates the two previous layers. The next is digital forensics to reveal the cyber incident and punish the criminals by the existing law. In general, this proposed reference model aims to guide organizations, companies, and governments in developing a secure digital system with a comprehensive perspective. In particular, the reference model has two use case actors, engineers, and researchers. For the engineer, this reference model guides to starting and developing a digital security system. There are five steps to creating a secure digital system using this reference model: preparation, specifications, system design, implementation, and evaluation. For the researcher, this reference model gives a comprehensive understanding. So the researcher gets a big picture of the secure digital system's research field before starting the research. After it, the researcher determines which topic they want.

Digital records management systems should remain accessible and secure. Proper procedures and mechanisms should be in place to ensure security, long-term preservation and accessibility of digital records for effective e-governance. This paper investigates the accessibility and security of digital records in the Office of the Premier (OTP) in Eastern Cape. A case study was conducted in the OTP for a period of 6 weeks. Questionnaires, interviews, observations and document analysis were used to collect data. It was established that the department does not place much emphasis on the security of digital records since there are no existing facilities regarding the storage of digital records. The department does not have a specific policy regarding the accessibility and management of digital records. There were concerns about manipulating records in digital recordkeeping systems which generated uncertainty about the use and security of digital systems. It was concluded that with the increasing use of ICT in the OTP, and in preparation for the switch to e-government there is a need for a dedicated section/unit with the responsibility for the security and management of digital records. The need for expertise in managing digital records has been identified as a critical success factor for implementing a DRM programme. Staff should be encouraged to get training so as to be knowledgeable in the use of the technologies that generate digital records.

This article addresses the first complete Italian translation of the Qur’an, Il Corano, versione italiana con commento e una notizia biografica di Macometto, which was authored by Vincenzo Calza, the first Pontifical General Consul in Algiers, and published in 1847. After contextualising the author and his work with a brief biographical introduction, the article identifies the origins of Calza’s interest in his study of Islam and the Qur’anic text, as well as his objective in engaging with these subjects. It then turns to his translation, Il Corano, and traces back the sources used by Calza in his introduction to and translation of the Qur’anic text, and the critical apparatus he employed. Calza himself claimed that his Qur’an translation was based on the original Arabic text with the help of Kazimisrki’s translation, Le Koran, and Carlo Alfonso Nallino has stated that Calza’s translation relied heavily on Kazimirski’s first flawed edition of Le Koran (1840), which was, in turn, based on Claude-Étienne Savary’s 1783 translation. Through textual analysis and comparison, in this article we find that, in fact, Calza relied entirely on the second, 1841, edition of Kazimirski's Le Koran, in which Kazimirski corrected many errors that were present in the first edition. Calza also selectively adopted elements from Kazimirski's introduction to his translation, and, through this, much of his methodological apparatus.

The study sought to assess the effect of digital security systems on hotel market performance in 3- 5-star rated hotels in Nakuru, Kenya. The research included a conceptual framework that showed the relationship between digital security systems and market performance. A descriptive research design was used to help evaluate the opinions of the target population, which included the staff and managers of the major departments within the hotels under study. Both closed and open-ended questionnaires were used for data collection. A census was done for all the managers while staff were selected using a cluster sampling technique. A total of 152 out of the 200 questionnaires that were issued were usable for the study. The data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study indicated a positive correlation between the utilisation of digital security systems and market performance. The study found that access control systems exert the most significant influence on the market performance of 3- 5 star rated hotels in Nakuru County compared to the other three variables under study. The study concludes that digital security systems are vital components contributing to the improvement of hotel performance. The study recommends stakeholders enforce digital security standards within the hotel sector and emphasise the importance of digital security systems to enhance guest safety. In addition, hotels should prioritise development of user-friendly systems. Further studies, as recommended by the study, can focus on the influence of digital security systems in different tourism sectors beyond hotels and include customers as the target population

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the potential predictors of anxiety about digital security, terrorist threats and support for high-tech counter measures.Design/methodology/approachIn Study 1, 195 participants indicated their anxiety about digital security systems, data protection and social networking sites. In Study 2, 107 participants indicated their anxiety about domestic terrorism, international terrorism and extremist groups. In Study 3, 261 participants indicated their support for high-tech counter-terrorism measures.FindingsStudy 1 suggests that whereas anxiety about digital security systems, data protection and social networking sites was positively predicted by right-wing authoritarianism, anxiety about social networking was also negatively predicted by time spent online. Study 2 shows that time spent online was a negative predictor of anxiety about domestic terrorism. Study 3 indicates that the strongest positive predictor of support for all the measures was right-wing authoritarianism, followed by national identity.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings show the relevance of terror management theory to digital security and counter-terrorism.Practical implicationsIt appears that right-wing authoritarianism and national identity may serve as mechanisms for people to subjectively counter the presented threats. This notion may inform relevant policy and practice aimed at making communities safer and potentially helps introduce counter-terror measures with less public backlash.Social implicationsWhen designing counter-terror measures, policy makers should consider compound national identities (e.g. Catalan or Basque people).Originality/valueThe paper makes contribution to under-explored areas of terrorism anxiety and support for counter-terror measures.

Background and Objectives: This study examines the Acehnese poetic translation of the Qur’an by Tgk. Mahjiddin Jusuf as a form of vernacularization that integrates linguistic, cultural, and religious elements. Rather than merely conveying the literal meaning of the Qur’anic text, Jusuf’s Al-Qur’an Al-Karim dan Terjemahan Bebas Bersajak dalam Bahasa Aceh functions as a cultural interpretation rooted in local norms and values. Methods: Utilizing a qualitative method with thematic analysis, the research analyzes purposively selected verses that contain elements of Acehnese culture, including politeness strategies, customary practices, and indigenous vocabulary. Main Results: Findings reveal that the translation embodies Acehnese identity through distinct vocabulary choices, such as boh ara (figs) and sineuk pade (wheat), and the integration of communal customs like peumulia jamee (honoring guests) and khanduri (traditional feasts). These linguistic and cultural adaptations not only localize the Qur’anic message but also reflect the translator’s intent to make the sacred text contextually resonant and spiritually accessible to Acehnese readers. Contributions: By foregrounding a non-Arab perspective, this study contributes to the diversification of Qur’anic translation discourse and challenges the dominance of Arab-centric or Western interpretive frameworks. It emphasizes the importance of sociocultural translation, arguing that translating the Qur’an entails negotiating meaning within specific cultural matrices. Conclusions: Jusuf’s work exemplifies vernacularization as both a method of cultural tafsir and a medium of dakwah anchored in local tradition and religious understanding.

This study discusses the methodological differences between classical interpretation and modern hermeneutic approaches in interpreting the Qur'an. Classical interpretation, represented by works such as Tafsir al-Tabari and Tafsir Ibn Kathir, tends to emphasize the authority of tradition and the literal understanding of the Qur'anic text. In contrast, modern hermeneutics, developed by scholars such as Fazlur Rahman and Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, offers a more contextual and critical approach to texts, considering historical and social factors. This study aims to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches and assess the potential for combining the two elements. Using comparative methods and thematic analysis, this study finds that classical interpretation excels in maintaining the text's integrity but is less flexible in responding to contemporary challenges. On the other hand, modern hermeneutics is more relevant to today's socio-political context, although it faces criticism regarding the legitimacy and authority of the text. This study recommends further study of how ijtihad can bridge the gap between tradition and modernity, creating a more inclusive approach to interpreting the Qur'an.

This article examines the reinterpretation of verses depicting the "Parable of the Deeds of Disbelievers," focusing on the maqasid-based exegesis approach adopted by Ibn 'Ashur. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the verses of al-tamthil in the Qur'an, which can be analyzed through various approaches, including linguistic methods such as rhetoric (balaghah), syntax (nahwu), and morphology (sharaf), as well as philosophical approaches like semantics and semiotics. However, this research specifically utilizes the maqasid approach to uncover the deeper objectives and meanings of these verses. This approach has been a subject of academic debate and criticism, highlighting the need for more in-depth studies. This research is a literature review that focuses on a textual analysis, drawing primarily on Ibn 'Ashur's Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir as its main source. The findings reveal that the maqasid approach to the verses of al-tamthil depicting the deeds of disbelievers successfully identifies two primary objectives: "li at-tadabbur" (for contemplation) and "li at-tadzakkur" (for reflection). These objectives suggest that the parables in these verses serve as a means to encourage readers to engage in profound reflection and internalize the wisdom contained within them, thereby fostering embodied Islamic knowledge among the readers of Ibn 'Ashur's maqasid-based exegesis. These findings not only enrich the understanding of Qur'anic texts but also offer a significant contribution to the study of embodied Islamic knowledge within maqasid-based exegesis by demonstrating how this approach can relate the text to broader universal objectives within the framework of maqasid al-shariah. Contribution: This study enriches maqasid-based exegesis by uncovering the meaning of al-tamthil verses and their connection to the objectives of sharia and embodied Islamic knowledge.

This article examines Semitic Rhetorical Analysis (SRA), Hermeneutics, and Biblical Criticism as applied methodologies for interpreting the Qur'an. Using a qualitative, library-based research approach, the study investigates how each method engages in textual analysis, highlighting their distinctive approaches and areas of intersection. The findings indicate that SRA, with its emphasis on symmetrical patterns and cohesive structures, aligns closely with the Qur'an’s rhetorical framework, effectively revealing its intricate composition, as seen in Surah Al-Fajr. In contrast, Hermeneutics and Biblical Criticism- while effective for analyzing Biblical texts- face theological and methodological limitations when applied to the Qur'an due to fundamental differences in the formation and theological contexts of the sacred texts. The study advocates for an integrative methodology that respects the distinct nature of the Qur'anic text while fostering cross-methodological dialogue. This research contributes to the field of religious studies by promoting interfaith engagement and deepening scholarly understanding of the Qur'an within a rigorous comparative framework.

Linguistic structure represents a fundamental basis in text analysis, especially in Qur'anic texts, which are characterized by precision of expression and depth of meaning. Linguists and grammarians have paid great attention to studying the components of the Arabic sentence in terms of predication, considering it the core of structure, as the sentence consists of two essential parts: the predicate and the subject, both of which are necessary for conveying a complete meaning, whether the sentence is nominal or verbal. The linguistic process begins with sounds that form words, which then combine into sentences, and these sentences connect to produce complete speech. Grammatical studies reveal how words are interconnected within the sentence to generate psychological and semantic meanings, emphasizing that understanding meanings can only occur through this interrelation among words. In this context, the study of declarative sentences in the story of the wife of ʿImrān highlights the depth of psychological and semantic dimensions they contain. Despite their declarative nature, these sentences carry sincere emotions of supplication, hope, and submission to God, reflecting a spiritual state filled with longing for offspring and blessings. This makes them a rich subject for linguistic, psychological, and semantic analysis.

The present thesis analyses the extensive utilisation of Qur'anic materials by Unsuri, Farrukhi, Manuchehri, Abu 'l-Faraj-i Runi and Anvari, and seeks to determine the degree to which it may be seen as a particular thematic development within Persian poetry-rather than as part of a literary tradition developed from Arabic models. The introduction is followed by a comprehensive statistical survey of Qur'anic references in the. Persian poets, with, for comparison, a similar survey covering the work of five Arab poets: Abu Nuwas, Abu al-cAtahiya, Abu Tammam, al-Buhturi and al-Mutanabbi. Each of the following chapters covers a particular thematic area and, where appropriate, is internally subdivided according to the individual episodes. The first major thematic area to be treated is that of Paradise. This is followed by an extensive survey of the materials relating to the prophets, principally Moses, Jesus and Solomon. A third chapter considers miscellaneous other Qur'anic references. Each of these three chapters is organised along similar lines: an initial statistical survey giving a comprehensive listing of the individual citations is followed by general remarks on the context of use and a more detailed commentary on verses of particular literary and thematic interest. Arab and Persian usage is compared, and attention drawn to aspects of rhetorical technique. The implication of the findings yielded by the above investigation is discussed in the final summary. This seeks to evaluate how far the themes and techniques observed in the Persian poets are also present in the diwans of five major cAbbasid poets who, on the one hand, were clearly known to the Persian poets under consideration (and hence a model for them), and, on the other, represent a period when Islamic culture and, specifically, knowledge of the Qur'anic text, had become a standard ingredient of literary training, and hence available for exploitation alongside more traditional materials of poetic discourse.

PurposeThis paper aims to examine practical wisdom from the Islamic religion elaborating on how it pertains to the sustainability mind-set. The purpose is to assess whether the Islamic and sustainability mind-sets coincide and if so, how they do.Design/methodology/approachThe first two chapters of the Holy Qur’an were divided into parts based on the divisions in the exegesis by Abu Bakr Al-Jaza’eri. Next, a qualitative content analysis of the main sustainability themes in these chapters was conducted. The first stage of the content analysis involved the collection of Qur’anic verses related to the sustainability concepts. Following that, inductive interpretive analysis was conducted in the second stage of the content analysis, where key sustainability lessons within the agreed upon Qur’anic verses were extracted.FindingsThe empirical study reported in this paper reveals 10 lessons from the examined Qur’anic text that pertain to the sustainability mind-set. Each of these lessons appears to foretell the wisdom behind the sustainability mind-set.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on sustainability and Islam in two ways. First, the analysis results in key lessons relating to sustainability, the majority of which were not covered in existing literature. Second, the research takes a holistic approach to finding commonalities between the sustainability mind-set and the Islamic mind-set, instead of focusing on a specific aspect of sustainability such as the environment.

This research aims to obtain a comprehensive understanding of Islamic education with a multicultural perspective through Surah Al-’Ankabut (29:46). The methodology employed is a library research type, wherein the researcher collects, analyzes, and presents theoretical data from various literary sources such as books, journals, and articles relevant to the research focus. Relevant data is gathered from scholarly writings, magazines, and other sources related to the focus of the writing and discussion. The data analysis technique utilizes a critically descriptive content analysis method to examine and describe relevant data critically. The primary finding of this research underscores the significance of utilizing Surah Al-’Ankabut (29:46) as a source of Islamic education that enriches multicultural perspectives, enabling a broader and more inclusive understanding of religious values within the context of culturally diverse societies. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of Islamic education and multicultural perspectives through a critical analysis of the Qur'anic text, offering a new contribution to contemporary Islamic educational thought. Thus, this research elaborates in detail on how Surah Al-’Ankabut (29:46) can be utilized as a means to enhance the understanding and teaching of Islamic education while considering cultural diversity in society.

Monotheism is a central tenet of Islamic theology, with various scholars offering distinct interpretations of its dimensions. This study explores the concept of Rubūbiyyah (Divine Lordship) as presented in Al-Kashshāf, the seminal Qur'anic exegesis by Al-Zamakhshari. It aims to analyze how Al-Zamakhshari’s rationalist approach shapes his theological interpretation of Rubūbiyyah and to what extent it aligns with or diverges from classical Islamic theological thought. Employing a qualitative library research method, this study utilizes descriptive and content analysis to examine relevant exegetical passages. The findings indicate that while Al-Kashshāf offers a rationalist reading rooted in Mu'tazilite principles and external philosophical influences, it does not fully capture the broader metaphysical and spiritual dimensions of Islamic monotheism. Nevertheless, Al-Zamakhshari consistently grounds his interpretations in Qur'anic text, reflecting a commitment to scriptural authority. This study contributes to the discourse on Qur'anic interpretation by highlighting the interplay between rationalism and theology, and by offering critical insights into the theological methodology embedded in Al-Zamakhshari’s exegesis.

This article discusses the important role of Islamic studies in building an understanding of law based on Qur'anic values. In the midst of the complexity of modern legal challenges, approaches that integrate Islamic teachings with contemporary legal principles are becoming increasingly relevant. Through analysis of Qur'anic texts and interpretations of scholars, this article identifies the moral and ethical values ​​contained in Islamic teachings and how these values ​​can be applied in the legal system. This research also explores the contribution of Islamic studies in creating a legal framework that is not only fair and just, but also reflects social justice and community welfare. Using qualitative methods, this article presents various perspectives from Islamic legal experts and academics, as well as case studies that show the application of Qur'anic values ​​in legal practice. It is hoped that the findings from this article can make a significant contribution to the development of law that is more inclusive and responsive to the needs of society, as well as strengthening the position of Islamic studies as a relevant scientific discipline in the current legal context.