Abstract
In this study, an optimum protocol for shoot formation through somatic embryogenesis using mature embryo explants was developed. Calli were initiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with varying concentration of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyl acetic acid (2,4-D) ranging from 1.5 mg/l-4.0 mg/l alone or in combination with 0.5 mg/l Kinetin (KN). Significance difference (p 0.05) was observed among the different concentrations of hormone used for callus induction. The highest percentage callus formation was obtained from the media fortified with 4 mg/l 2, 4-D for mature embryo obtained from imbibed seed while for the preconditioned mature embryo, the media supplemented with 2 m/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l kinetin (KN) recorded more percentage callus formation compared to what was obtained from the media supplemented with 2.5 mg/l2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l. More percentage shoot formation was obtained from the media supplemented with 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Average number of shoot per callus was also more in the media fortified with 1 mg/l BA (2.25) but this was not significantly different from what was obtained from the media fortified with 2 mg/l BA+ 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D at 5% level of significance.
Highlights
Sorghum bicolor is an important cereal crop grown in the tropics, sub-tropic and temperate regions as well as in
Five Embryos were cultivated in each Petri dish (11mm diameter) and five (5) petri dishes were used per treatment and two (2) petri dishes were used for preconditioned mature embryo per treatment
There was significant difference in percentage callus formation among the different concentrations of hormone used at 5% level of significance
Summary
Sorghum bicolor is an important cereal crop grown in the tropics, sub-tropic and temperate regions as well as inHow to cite this paper: Hassan, L.B., et al (2014) Optimum Protocol for Shoot Formation in karandafi Red Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) through Somatic Embryogenesis Using Mature Embryo. Sorghum bicolor is an important cereal crop grown in the tropics, sub-tropic and temperate regions as well as in. It is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world and is the dietary staple of more than half a billion people in over 30 countries [2]. Its use as a medicinal plant is getting prominent due to the various phyto-chemicals it contains that are used for the treatment of different ailments. Being an important crop with different uses, there is a need to breed better crops that are disease resistant and high yielding varieties. With the use of conventional breeding, many years may be required to develop an improved variety. An essential step of this technique is the development of efficient protocol for plant regeneration
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