Abstract
This paper focuses on the bidding strategy and online control methodology of battery storage systems (BSS) to participate in the frequency containment reserve (FCR) market. The new technical requirements for the FCR markets in the Nordic power system does not allow controlling the BSS in other ways than on the basis of frequency. Therefore, control mechanisms such as recovering the state of charge (SOC) whenever the power system frequency is in its acceptable (dead-band) range cannot be used. In this regard, this paper proposes and compares different control mechanisms to recover the SOC that are in line with the new regulation and maximizes the BSS profit using the lifetime model of the BSS. In order to compare different control mechanisms, this paper investigates the behaviour of a large BSS unit installed in the Helsinki area by simulating the proposed strategies over measured frequency and market data from 2014 till 2019.
Highlights
T HE FREQUENCY of the power system is kept stable by keeping the balance between production and consumption
The proposed methodology has been implemented in MATLAB and solving (17) by constrained particle swarm optimization (CPSO) takes about half an hour for each state of charge (SOC) recovery method using a Core I7 PC, which is an acceptable time for the daily market
This paper proposes an optimized bidding strategy and online control methods of battery storage systems (BSS) to participate in the PFC market by maximising the BSS profit over battery lifetime
Summary
T HE FREQUENCY of the power system is kept stable by keeping the balance between production and consumption. HASANPOR DIVSHALI AND EVENS: OPTIMUM OPERATION OF BATTERY STORAGE SYSTEM IN FREQUENCY CONTAINMENT RESERVES MARKETS frequency This methodology is developed further in [24] to find the optimum SOC range for several battery sets, working as a group, to provide a certain amount of PFC. PFC in the Nordic flexibility market is referred to as the frequency containment reserve (FCR) market, which does not allow, at the times when assets are providing the service, to control it in any other way than based on the frequency as detailed in the service agreement [25] In this regard, this paper, as part of the EU-SysFlex project [26], develops a bidding strategy and online control methodology to maximize the profit that a BSS makes from its participation in the FCR market, using a BSS lifetime model.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
