Optimizing The Waste Biomass Of Peanut Shells And Water Hyacinth As An Environmentally Friendly Power Plant

Abstract

According to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia, shows that coal deposit in Indonesia about 7,3 - 8,3 billion ton are exhausted in 2036, while cruel oil around 4,7 billion barrels are exhausted in 2028, and fuel gas is estimated to run out more quickly in 2027. So it needs alternative energy as a solution in dealing with energy problems in the world, one of them the solution is the utilization of biomass. The cellulose in the biomass is potentially to use as alternative energy, for example, the peanut shell and water hyacinth. The material goes through the process of converting from a solid mass to gas using a gasification method. The gasification method with a high temperature is one way of converting carbon-based organic materials into synthetic gases namely carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen (H2), and methane (CH4). Synthetic gas is used as motion energy to rotate the generator until it generates electricity. Thus an eco-friendly power plant will be formed. Some research showed that the level of cellulose in the peanut shell is 63.5 %, which is capable of producing a heat engine of 14.34 MJ/Kg equivalent to 3425,05 cal/gr. Moreover, the cellulose in the water hyacinth of 64.51 % produced values the heat engine reached 4341,67 cal / g. The higher value heat engine shows that the ingredient in producing energy is bigger and it has the potential to become sources of electrical energy . In conclusion, the optimization of the cellulose in the peanut shell and water hyacinth is made as a source of environmentally friendly power plants that is expected to addressing the problem of energy depletion.