Optimizing the Dual Band Multi Frequency Microstrip Antenna Using Fractal Geometry

Abstract

In this paper the Sierpinski Carpet based fractal microstrip antenna with zero, first and second iterations is implemented. Fractal antenna has been extensively investigated because of its multiband operation and compact size. This paper presents a fractal based antenna using Sierpinski carpet geometry. A simple microstrip antenna with the zero iteration, first iteration and the second iteration Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna were designed and optimized. The simple microstrip antenna obtains a return loss of -29.22dB at the resonant frequency of 2.46 GHz. The first iteration Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna provides a return loss of -31.04 dB at the resonant frequency of 2.2 GHz, -14.79 dB at 3.803 GHz and -19.81dB at 4.3580 GHz. The second iteration Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna resonates at 2.19GHz, 3.79GHz, and 4.38 GHz with return loss of -25.69dB,-14.30dB,-19.60dB respectively. In this paper patch volume reduced up to 20.85% and also we obtain optimum VSWR & return loss .The substrate material is FR4 epoxy with dielectric constant 4.4 .Entire design implemented and simulated on HFSS-13.