Design and Analysis of Multi-band Fractal Antennas for Wireless Communications

Abstract

In highly performance structure like aircraft, satellite, missile application, and spacecraft, where the mostly used design parameters weight, cost, size, ease of installation, and profile of aerodynamics parameters be required in low profile antenna. In the present scenario radio and wireless communications have been used in many other government and non-government applications, which has similar requirements as per in the mobile. Microstrip antenna is used in this entire requirement. It is used for low profile, planer, and non-planer effects. It is in high demand due to the simple and inexpensive design used by manufacture in support of printed-circuit technology. It is converted into mechanically robust when it is mounted on rigid surfaces; they are very highly efficient in the polarization, pattern, impedance, and resonant frequency. Since few decades the microstrip antennas are almost used in every small or big devices due to their smaller size, very light weight, low profile, and simple circuitry. These antennas consume less power so this property of microstrip antenna can be used in low power transmitting devices receiving applications. Due to these properties microstrip fractal antennas will be in demand in coming future corresponding framework. In this paper work new designs of fractal geometries are simulated using software like CST Microwave studio software. The proposed fractal antennas that are square shape multiband fractal patch antenna and elliptical shape multiband fractal patch antenna. Following parameters like return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, and directivity and radiation pattern are taken to test the design of the antennas. As the iterations increases, it is examined that return loss and VSWR are minimized and gain and directivity are increased. It is also examined that the radiation pattern is quite stable.