Abstract
Common vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa L.) is a self-pollinating annual forage legume with worldwide importance. Here, we investigate the optimal number of individuals that may represent the genetic diversity of a single population, using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers. Two cultivated varieties and two wild accessions were evaluated using five SCoT primers, also testing different sampling sizes: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 individuals. The results showed that the number of alleles and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) were different among the four accessions. Cluster analysis by Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) and STRUCTURE placed the 240 individuals into four distinct clusters. The Expected Heterozygosity (HE) and PIC increased along with an increase in sampling size from 1 to 10 plants but did not change significantly when the sample sizes exceeded 10 individuals. At least 90% of the genetic variation in the four germplasms was represented when the sample size was 10. Finally, we concluded that 10 individuals could effectively represent the genetic diversity of one vetch population based on the SCoT markers. This study provides theoretical support for genetic diversity, cultivar identification, evolution, and marker-assisted selection breeding in common vetch.
Highlights
Common vetch (Vicia sativa L. subsp. sativa L.), known as an important self-pollinating forage legume [1,2], is one of the most commonly grown cover crops in the world [3] and is used as pasture, hay and silage [4]
If more individuals are included in a sample, the sampling size will encompass a high level of diversity, but an exceedingly large sample size from a population will increase the workload
The Reserve Percentage (RP) value of the four germplasms in different sampling sizes represented more than 90% of the genetic variation in the total population when the sample size was
Summary
Common vetch (Vicia sativa L. subsp. sativa L.), known as an important self-pollinating forage legume [1,2], is one of the most commonly grown cover crops in the world [3] and is used as pasture, hay and silage [4]. Common vetch can fit well into cereal rotations (intercrops) to reduce the incidence of diseases in succeeding non-legume crops [8]. Due to the advantages of its economic value and ecological protection, common vetch is widely cultivated in many parts of the world, including Turkey, China, eastern Asia, India and the USA [1,9,10]. Common vetch has a high research value, there is currently no scientific sampling size for this species, which has hindered species-related research to some extent. In order to obtain relatively high genetic diversity from a population and select a few individuals in a given region for the efficient conservation of common vetch, an appropriate sampling size should be considered. If more individuals are included in a sample, the sampling size will encompass a high level of diversity, but an exceedingly large sample size from a population will increase the workload
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