Genetic relationships and diversity among wild Salvia accessions revealed by ISSR and SCoT markers

Alireza Etminan,Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh,Afsaneh Noori,Amin Ahmadi-Rad,Lia Shooshtari,Zahra Mahdavian,Masoumeh Yousefiazar-Khanian

doi:10.1080/13102818.2018.1447397

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn this study, inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers were used for genetic diversity and relationship analysis of nine Salvia species. Twenty-one and twenty selected ISSR and SCoT primers amplified 350 and 329 loci, respectively, of which all were polymorphic. The obtained average polymorphism information content (ISSR, 0.38; SCoT, 0.40), average band informativeness (ISSR, 16.67; SCoT, 16.45) and resolving power (ISSR, 9.75; SCoT, 12.52) revealed high genetic diversity prevailing among Salvia accessions. Considering the ISSR and SCoT data, the species with a basic chromosome number of x = 8 showed higher values of the percentage polymorphism loci (PPL), the number of observed alleles (Na) and Shannon index (I) than the other species. The partition of clusters in the neighbour-joining dendrogram based on ISSR, SCoT and combined data was similar and grouped all individuals into four clusters. However, the dendrogram generated based on SCoT separated the individuals into sub-clusters in accordance with their species and section. The Mantel test revealed a similar polymorphism distribution pattern between ISSR and SCoT techniques, the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.83, and the results showed that both techniques were effective to assess the genetic diversity. Our results indicated that SCoT markers can be used as a reliable and informative technique for evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships among Salvia species.

Highlights

Salvia (Garden sage) is one of the most important genera in the Labiatae family and includes nearly 1000 species all over the world [1]
Polymorphism detected by inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) primers
The highest resolving power (Rp) (16.1) and marker index (MI) (9.75) values were obtained with primers SCoT-15 and SCoT-20, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Salvia (Garden sage) is one of the most important genera in the Labiatae family and includes nearly 1000 species all over the world [1]. Many Salvia species are used as herbal tea and in cosmetics, perfumes and the pharmaceuticals [2]. Plants from this genus are distinguished for their biological activities such as antioxidant, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anxiolytic [3,4,5,6]. Mediterranean and western Asia areas have been considered as the original centers of the distribution of this genus, and the Iranian flora includes 58 Salvia species, of which 17 are endemic to Iran [7]. With the progress in plant molecular biology, numerous molecular marker techniques have been developed and used widely in evaluating genetic diversity, population structure and phylogenetic relationships. Advances in genomic tools provide a wide range of new marker techniques such as, functional and genetargeted markers as well as develop many novel DNA-

Objectives

Methods

Results