Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) is an ideal platform chemical with various applications. Ionic liquid,1,4-methyl sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroaluminate ([MSIM][AlCl4]) has been immobilized into HY zeolite and tested for the conversion of cellulose to LA. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on Box–Behnken design (BBD), was employed to identify the optimum conditions for LA production. Experimental results indicate that the second-order model was sufficient for all independent variables with R 2 = 0.90. The optimum temperature, reaction time, catalyst dosage, and feedstock loading for cellulose conversion are 200 °C, 7 h, 0.6 g, and 0.3 g, respectively with LA yield of 27.2%. Meanwhile, the LA yield from oil palm frond (OPF) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) at the optimum condition is 24.1% and 21.3%, respectively. The efficiency of OPF and EFB for LA production is 75% and 72%, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of HY-IL for biomass conversion to levulinic acid under mild condition
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
