Optimizing experimental binary adsorption of aniline–nitrobenzene onto granular activated carbon packed bed by Taguchi’s methodology

Abstract

Herein a new statistical approach based on Taguchi’s methodology was developed for optimizing continuous simultaneous adsorption of aniline (AN) and nitrobenzene (NB) from their binary aqueous solution in a column packed with granular activated carbon (GAC). Effects of column design parameters such as feed flow rate (Q), bed height (Z) and bed diameter (D) were studied for the breakthrough curve performance using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array design. The parameters were optimized at three levels with the higher-is-better type response characteristics. Further, the Thomas model was used to predict column breakthrough curve and breakthrough time. Higher sorption affinity of NB over AN towards GAC surface implied favorable attachment of NB molecules. Quicker breakthrough attainment was observed at higher Q, lower Z and lower D owing to faster saturation of sorption sites. Maximum individual equilibrium adsorption uptake for AN and NB was found to be 0.29 mg/g and 3.91 mg/g, respectively, at Q = 0.02 L/min, Z = 60 cm and D = 2.54 cm. The average total equilibrium adsorption uptake (qtot) from the experimental runs was found to be 4.2 mg/g which is closer to the predicted qtot value of 4.17 mg/g.