Abstract
Bailey anther culture methods were optimized for the production of doubled haploid lines from Finnish spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) breeding material. 22 F1 -progenies of two-rowed barley cultivars (‘Bonus’, ‘lnari’, Jo1610, ‘Kustaa’, ‘Kymppi’, ‘Prisma’) and six-rowed barley cultivars (‘Arve’, ‘Botnia’, ‘Larker Mutant’, OB264, ‘Rolfi’, WW7860) were used for the experiments. The effect of basic induction media, pretreatment on mannitol medium, density of anthers, incubation temperature and light regime were tested. Pretreatment of anthers for 4 days on medium containing 0.175 M mannitol was beneficial for all 8 genotypes tested and increased production of green plants per 100 anthers from 26% to 74% for the best genotype (‘lnari’ x ‘Kymppi’ F1). A lower anther density (1.6 anthers per cm2) was better than a more dense one. A modified MS-medium with ammonium nitrate partly replaced with glutamine (MMS-MG) was slightly better than a medium based on N6 salts (N6-MG), and addition of 100 μM silver nitrate reduced both plant and green plant production. No significant differences were observed between the effects of incubation temperatures (20°C vs. 25°C) or the light regime (darkness vs. weak light) during incubation of anthers. In each experiment the genotypic effect was prominent and the recalcitrance of some genotypes was apparent. Green plants were produced however from all genotypes.
Highlights
Breeding new barley varieties is based on creating new gene combinations by controlled crosses and subsequent testing and selection during the selfing generations
Large genotypic differences were seen in anther culture response and the treatments used could not overcome the recalcitrance of some genotypes (Fig. I .)
The best method indicated by the results of our experiments is isolation of fresh anthers on the mannitol pretreatment medium
Summary
Breeding new barley varieties is based on creating new gene combinations by controlled crosses and subsequent testing and selection during the selfing generations. This takes 12-15 years using conventional methods. The early generations following crossing are highly heterozygous. In heterozygous plants recessive genes are not expressed in the phenotype and heterosis may influence performance. Such effects are lost during the later generations. To secure stable and homogeneous new barley varieties single head selections must be made during later generations when adequate homozygosity has been reached, Manninen, O. Optimizing anther culture ofbarley and subsequent multiplication of seed on a commercial scale requires several years
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
