Abstract
The initial stability of a dental implant is known to be an indicator of osseointegration at immediate loading upon insertion. Implant designs have a fundamental role in the initial stability. Although new designs with advanced surface technology have been suggested for the initial stability of implant systems, verification is not simple because of various assessment factors. Our study focused on comparing the initial stability between two different implant systems via design aspects. A simulated model corresponding to the first molar derived from the mandibular bone was constructed. Biomechanical characteristics between the two models were compared by finite element analysis (FEA). Mechanical testing was also performed to derive the maximum loads for the two implant systems. CMI IS-III active (IS-III) had a more desirable stress distribution than CMI IS-II active (IS-II) in the surrounding bone region. Moreover, IS-III decreased the stress transfer to the nerve under the axial loading direction more than IS-II. Changes of implant design did not affect the maximum load. Our analyses suggest that the optimized design (IS-III), which has a bigger bone volume without loss of initial fixation, may minimize the bone damage during fixture insertion and we expect greater effectiveness in older patients.
Highlights
Natural teeth are lost or partially damaged for reasons such as periodontal disease, dental caries, untreatable fractures, injuries, and orthodontic problems [1,2,3]
Dental implants consist of a combination of various design factors, including fixture connection type, fixture shape, size, abutment type, thread shape and pitch, and screw type
Research on each design factor has been performed in previous literature [22,23,25,26,27], and the performance of dental implant systems has previously been assessed by mechanical testing using a universal testing machine [47], when multiple design changes are made, the results derived by previous research do not apply
Summary
Natural teeth are lost or partially damaged for reasons such as periodontal disease, dental caries, untreatable fractures, injuries, and orthodontic problems [1,2,3]. The previous literature has reported consideration of factors such as the pitch, width, depth, shape of the thread, and crestal module with respect to the implant designs and osseointegration. Our study was focused comparing biomechanical characteristics between with respect to the design change using a universal testing machine and finite element analysis (FEA). That (2) IS-III with a wide cutting edge causes the decrease of stress transfer to the nerve
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