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Abstract
Dental implant macro- and micro-shape should be designed to maximize the delivery of optimal favorable stresses in the surrounding bone region. The present study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution in cortical and cancellous bone surrounding two models of dental implants with the same diameter and length (4.0 × 11 mm) and different implant/neck design and thread patterns. Sample A was a standard cylindric implant with cylindric neck and V-shaped threads, and sample B was a new conical implant with reverse conical neck and with “nest shape” thread design, optimized for the favorable stress distribution in the peri-implant marginal bone region. Materials and methods: The three-dimensional model was composed of trabecular and cortical bone corresponding to the first premolar mandibular region. The response to static forces on the samples A and B were compared by finite element analysis (FEA) using an axial load of 100 N and an oblique load of 223.6 N (resulting from a vertical load of 100 N and a horizontal load of 200 N). Results: Both samples provided acceptable results under loadings, but the model B implant design showed lower strain values than the model A implant design, especially in cortical bone surrounding the neck region of the implant. Conclusions: Within the limitation of the present study, analyses suggest that the new dental implant design may minimize the transfer of stress to the peri-implant cortical bone.
Highlights
A key factor for the long-term success of a dental implant is to ensure that the implant can support loading conditions, transferring biting forces safely to the interfacial tissues [1]
It is necessary to comprehend how the transfer and the distribution of biomechanical loads are influenced by the implant body geometry, thread design, Prosthesis 2020, 2, 225–236; doi:10.3390/prosthesis2030019
2020, 226 2 the transfer and the distribution of biomechanical loads are influenced by the implant body geometry, platform design, platform abutmentdesign, connection, etc
Summary
A key factor for the long-term success of a dental implant is to ensure that the implant can support loading conditions, transferring biting forces safely to the interfacial tissues [1]. In the process of designing new dental implants, a thorough understanding of implant biomechanics is crucial to reduce maximum stress values in the surrounding bone, and to minimize the risk of biologic and mechanic complications. In this respect, it is necessary to comprehend how the transfer and the distribution of biomechanical loads are influenced by the implant body geometry, thread design, Prosthesis 2020, 2, 225–236; doi:10.3390/prosthesis2030019 www.mdpi.com/journal/prosthesis Prosthesis. 226 2 the transfer and the distribution of biomechanical loads are influenced by the implant body geometry, platform design, platform abutmentdesign, connection, etc. Several literature been reviews conducted on been the thread design, abutment connection, etc. reviews
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