Abstract
Sol-gel method under ultrasonic treatment was utilized to synthesize ZnO/TiO2/ZrO2 ternary nanocomposites. The synthesized samples were characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), UV–VIS, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy to determine and confirm the successful synthesis of ZnO/TiO2/ZrO2 ternary nanocomposites. The calcination time, aging time, calcination temperature, and duration of ultrasonic irradiation were selected as variable parameters to optimize the nonlinear optical response of nanocomposites under continuous-wave laser irradiation using the Z-scan setup. The results suggest that ZnO/TiO2/ZrO2 ternary nanocomposites with a high third-order nonlinear optical response are potential materials that can be advantageous for photonics application purposes. The application of the statistical analysis shows that the optimum condition for the preparation procedure to achieve the highest nonlinear optical parameters for ZnO/TiO2/ZrO2 ternary nanocomposites can be obtained by selection of a calcination time of 4 h, an aging time of 24 h, calcination temperature of 400 °C, and 30 min of ultrasonic irradiation.
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