Abstract
Coagulation involves the rapid mixing of chemicals with raw water to facilitate particle destabilization. This study used a photometric dispersion analyzer (PDA) coupled to a jar stirrer to monitor kinetics during the optimization of alum. The optimal conditions were as follows: sample pH 8; alum dosage, 6mg/l as Al3+; G-value, 116 s-1, rapid mixing time, 15seconds. Kinetic data revealed that the aggregation rate and steady-state variance significantly influenced coagulation-flocculation performance; while average steady-state ratio displayed a minor influence on performance. The results indicated that the PDA instrument can be employed as an additional tool in the optimization of coagulation conditions.
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