Optimization of thermal stability of structural elements of high-rise buildings to increase their energy efficiency

Botir Giyasov,Irina Giyasova,Vyacheslav Semenov,V Andreev,A Ter-Martirosyan,T Matseevich,A Adamtsevich

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201819604084

Abstract

The problem of improving energy efficiency of modern urban buildings is becoming increasingly important. Urbanization, which con-tributes to the growth of megacities, causes an increase in the number of modern high-rise buildings and the development of urban infrastructure, resulting in increased energy consumption. When dealing with the energy efficiency of high-rise buildings, it is necessary to take into account such factors as the location, building orientation with respect to the cardinal di-rections, functional purposes, a three-dimensional and design solutions. Conservation of energy inside high-rise buildings, which contributes to minimum energy consumption in order to create and maintain a comforta-ble temperature, is one of the urgent tasks. This problem can be solved by thermal insulation of cladding and the use of effective heat-insulating ma-terials to reduce the negative impact of climatic factors on high-rise build-ings. Using the example of the Evolution Tower, we analyzed Moscow City high-rise buildings, made calculations and graphs of variation in the temperature and wind speed throughout the height of the building. An in-crease in wind speed and a decrease in temperature throughout the height of the building create extreme conditions that affect the heat loss of high-rise buildings, which must be taken into account in the heat protection of external enclosing structures.

Highlights

The growth of the world’s top economies, resulting in an increase in the urban population, contributes to the development of big cities
Studies have shown that the heat loss of a cubic or three-story rectangular and singlestorey elongated building with the same heated area and heated volume is significantly different
Estimating the ratio of the heat loss area of the house to its useful area, it is possible to determine the efficiency of the geometric construction of the building in the aspect of heat losses

Summary

Introduction

The growth of the world’s top economies, resulting in an increase in the urban population, contributes to the development of big cities. The rapidly increasing population density results in the growth in the number of modern multi-storey buildings and high-rise buildings in cities, as well as development of engineering and transport infrastructure at an alarming pace. Big cities have a fairly effective system for heating vertical surfaces of buildings and horizontal surfaces of roofs, sidewalks and roads. In this regard, in some areas of cities, the density of buildings prevents natural aeration and causes the formation of an “urban heat island” (Figure 1) [2]. In some areas of modern cities there is a change in climatic parameters, which must be taken into account when designing energy-efficient buildings

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Conclusion