Abstract
This paper addresses the changing of the process parameters of nozzleless centrifugal spinning (forcespinning). The primary aim of this study was to determine the dependence of the final product on the dosing of the polymer, the rotation speed of the spinneret and the airflow in order to determine the extent of the technological applicability of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and its modifications. PVA was chosen because it is a widely used polymeric solution with environmentally friendly properties and good biodegradability. It is used in the health care and food packaging sectors. The nanofibrous layers were produced by means of a mobile handheld spinning device of our own construction. This mobile application of the spinning machine has several limitations compared to stationary laboratory equipment, mainly due to dimensional limitations. The uniqueness of our device lies in the possibility of its actual use outside the laboratory. In addition to improved mobility, another exciting feature is the combination of nozzleless forcespinning and fiber application using airflow. Dosing, the rotation speed of the spinnerets and the targeted and controlled use of air comprise the fundamental technological parameters for many devices that operate on a centrifugal force system. The rotation rate of the spinnerets primarily affects the production of fibers and their quality, while the airflow acts as a fiber transport and drying medium. The quality of the fibers was evaluated following the preparation of a testing set for the fiber layers. The most suitable combinations of rotation speed and airflow were then used in subsequent experiments to determine the ideal settings for the device. The solution was then modified by reducing the concentration to 16% and adding a surfactant, thus leading to a reduction in the diameters of the resulting fibers. The nanofiber layers so produced were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to analyze the number of defects and to statistically evaluate the fiber diameters.
Highlights
Nanofibers are among a number of materials that have recently received considerable attention in the fields of both basic and applied research
A wide range of manufacturing processes are used for the production of nanofibers, the best-known of which include electrospinning via direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC), drawing [17], forcespinning [18], in exceptional cases melt-blowing [19,20] or other less common methods
Increasing the spinneret rotation speed above 8200 rpm led to fibers of greater diameters
Summary
Nanofibers are among a number of materials that have recently received considerable attention in the fields of both basic and applied research. They enjoy a huge application potential, and their range of use is constantly expanding, especially in the fields of protective textiles [1], tissue engineering [2–4], medicine [5], the production of multispecies materials, energy [6,7], air filtration [8–10], contaminated water [11,12] and other substances [13], analytical chemistry [14], etc. Polymers 2022, 14, 1042 less common methods like mechanotropic spinning [21], and a combination of electrospinning and forcespinning [22–25]. All these methods, feature significant limitalitkioenms efrcohmanvoatrroiopuisc psperinspneinctgiv[e2s1,]i,nacnluddaincgolmowbinparotidouncotifveitlye,ctprrooscpeisnsncionmg palnedxiftyorocreslopwinpnrioncges[s22sa–f2e5t]y. Forcespinning provides an alternative technology for the production of vloolwta-gdeiatmo efoterrmfiabneresl.eIcttsrmic afiienldad, avahnigtahgeerspcroondcuercntiothneraabteseanncdeloofwthere enneeerdgfyocrohnigsuhmvoplttiaogne ctoomfopramreadnteoleecltercictrfioeslpdi,nanihniggh[e3r2p],roaldluocftiwonhricahteparnodvliodwe esrouennedrgeycocnonosmuimc patniodneccoomlopgaicraeld rteoaseolencstrfoosrptihneniunsge [o3f2t]h, aislltoecfhwnhoilcohgpyrfoovridinedsuosutnridale-sccoanloempricodanudcteiocnol.ogical reasons for the use oTfhtehpishtyescihcnaol lnoagtyurfeoroifnfdourcsetrsipailn-sncianlge pinrovdoluvcetsiotnh.e effect of centrifugal forces on the solutiTonheopr hmyeslitctahlantaetxuirtes othfefonroczezspleinonritnhge ifnreveolsvuersfatchee[e2f6f]e;cftiboefrcseanrteriffourgmalefdoracseas roensuthlte osfotlhuetioanppolricmateilotnthoaft feoxrictse.thTehneorzezslueltoirngthfeibfreeres saurerfaccaept[u26re];dfiobneras asroe-cfaolrlmededcoalsleactroersu(ltthoef ptahret aopfptlhiceastpioinnnoifnfgordceev. iTcheethreastuilstiunsgedfibteorscaapretucraepatunrdedstoonreatshoe-cfiablleerds cimolmlecetdoirat(ethlye fpoalr-t loowf tihnegstphieninr ifnogrmdaetvioicne).thTahteistruasjeecdtotroycoafptthuerefiabnedrssctaonreththeeorfiebtiecraslliymbmeecdoinastiedlyerfeodllospwirinalg [t3h5e]i(rFfiogrumrea1ti)o.nT)h. eTmheovtreamjeecntot royf othfethfiebefirbsecrasncabne mthoeodrifeiteidcabllyy tbhee caopnpsliidcaetrieodn sopfiaranl a[i3r5-] f(loFwiguthreat1s)e. rTvhees tmo opvroemvidenetaopfetrhpeefindbeicruslcaarndibreecmtioondiffioerdthbeymthoeveamppenlitcaotfiothneofifbaenrsatiorflthowe ptlhaanteseinrvweshtiochprtohveiydearaepfeorrpmeendd;ictuhlearredsiureltcitniognfifboerrthtreamjecotvoermy ecnatnobfethceonfisbiedresrteodthaespplaacnee hienliwx.hTihche sthpeinynainreg fmoremtheodd;stthheatreussueltcienngtrfiifbuegratlrfaojreccetos rayrecdanivbideecdoinnstiodtehreednoazszplea(cFeighuerliex. 1Tah) eanspdinnnoiznzglem-freetheo(dFsigtuhraet u1bse) cteecnhtrniifquugeasl,fdorecpeesnadriendgivoindewdhientthoerthtehneolziqzuleid(Feigmuerreg1eas) faronmd ntohzeznleo-zfrzelee (oFrigius rsep1ubn) tferochmnitqhueessu, drfeapceenodfinthgeonsowluhteiothne. rTthhee dliiqaumideteemrserogfetshferofmibetrhse pnroozdzuleceodr visiaspthuins ftreocmhntohleogsuyrvfaacrey obfetthweeseonluhtuionnd.rTedhse odfianmanetoemrseotefrtshaenfidbeterns sporofdmuiccerdomvi-a ettheirss.technology vary between hundreds of nanometers and tens of micrometers
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