Abstract
The electrodeposition process parameters were optimized for the acquisition of high-strength monolithic nickel layers on Q235A substrates based on the Watts nickel plating solution using the DC electrodeposition method. Based on the study of the electrochemical polarization behavior of nickel ions in Watts’ plating solution, 16 experimental protocols were selected according to the orthogonal test method. The residual stress, microhardness, modulus of elasticity, and surface roughness of the nickel plating were tested by X-ray diffractometer, nano-mechanical test system, and surface profilometer, respectively, to investigate the influence of current density, temperature, and PH on the mechanical properties of nickel plating, so as to determine the best process solution for the preparation of high-strength nickel plating. The results of the study show that the mechanical properties of the nickel deposits electrodeposited onto Q235A are optimized when plating at a current density of 3 A/dm2, a bath temperature of 45 °C, and a pH of 3.5. The nickel-plated layer has a minimum grain size of 34.8 nm, a microhardness of 3.86 GPa, a modulus of elasticity of 238 GPa, and a surface roughness Ra of 0.182 μm.
Highlights
Q235A is a widely used low-carbon steel with good all-around performance due to its strength, plasticity, and welding properties, and it is widely used in construction and engineering structures as well as in the production of mechanical parts with low performance requirements and other unimportant abrasive parts [1]
This process has size and surface effects when the grain size reaches the nanoscale, resulting in properties that differ significantly from those of the bulk material; the crystal structure and size of the plating can vary with process parameters during electrodeposition, affecting its mechanical properties [2]
The16specific experimental protocol was[16,17 desi tions, the plating selected in the following ranges solution temperature, pH value, and current density; the levels of each factor are shown with the current use of the orthogonal test method, 16 (3 ) orthogonal table for the
Summary
Q235A is a widely used low-carbon steel with good all-around performance due to its strength, plasticity, and welding properties, and it is widely used in construction and engineering structures as well as in the production of mechanical parts with low performance requirements and other unimportant abrasive parts [1]. The battery casing is prepared by nickel plating the low-carbon steel strip and dee punching the strip with the nickel plating on the surface in order to directly obtain th effects and lattice mismatch between the coating and the substrate well as hydrogen nickel-plated battery casing This production process has the as advantages of having hig precipitation the electrodeposition process, residual stresses can bethat generated insidecoating i efficiency, aduring fast rate, and low cost, but it is important to ensure the nickel the coating, which can promote the sprouting of cracks or accelerate their expansion, thushas hig intact, without cracks, wrinkles, or even peeling. The study provides technical support for the preparation Preparation of high-strength nickel plating on Q235A substrates of mild steel
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