Optimization of the nozzle structure for the application of fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Abstract

The principle of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is basically that the micro-nozzle moves along the part in the filling track under the computer using some low viscosity material heated to an appropriate temperature without manual intervention. Even though the FDM technology is very popular, some features remain to be improved. For example, the tube above the nozzle might be so heated that the materials inside might be melted. As a result, the machine lacks enough force to push the materials out of the nozzle. In this work, we decide to solve the problems of those overheated tubes. We redesign two types of nozzles with the help of Ansis, which is simulation software. The first design adds heat sinks around the tube, and the second design adds an insulated pipe to prevent the materials from being melted due to the high temperature. According to our simulations, both methods can effectively prevent the tube from becoming overheated, and the material can be pushed out from the nozzle successfully, which broadens the usage of the FDM technology.