OPTIMIZATION OF THE MINERAL NUTRITION CONDITIONS OF MUSTARD

Abstract

The article gives an assessment of one of the promising and valuable oilseeds - mustard, the cultivation of which is provided by the program of diversification of grain production in Kazakhstan, in particular, crop production. It was revealed that the conditions of mineral nutrition of mustard in the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan were not studied. Therefore, experiments were laid to study the optimization of the conditions for the mineral nutrition of mustard. A 14-variant scheme was presented to create different levels of phosphorus and nitrogen in the soil in order to determine the quantitative connection between the level of nutrients in the soil and the productivity of mustard varieties. The purpose of the research (2019-2021) was to study the features of mineral nutrition and fertilizer of mustard in the conditions of the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. Their main directions were: to study the requirements of this crop to the level of fertility and soil properties; study the properties of the soil and determine its ability to meet the needs of crops. The conclusions of the research suggest that in all year’s mustard has developed under conditions of phosphorus deficiency in the soil, an average supply of nitrogen, and an increased supply of potassium. The application of nitrogenphosphorus fertilizers contributed to an increase in the content of nitrogen, nitrates and mobile phosphorus in the soil by 2-3 times and was determined by the amount of fertilizers applied.