Abstract
Significant and continuous contributions related to 4G/5G cellular networks are still accelerating the investigation of the approaches that can boost the cell characteristics following the new aspirations of the users. The challenge of achieving sufficient coverage at the cell edge; represents a constant concern for both users and operators; in addition to ensuring a reasonable cost, are the most important search fields and in our scope of interest. As relay nodes can provide a solution, a scenario for a plan of relay nodes deployment at the cell edge is proposed, taking into account the interference due to the relay nodes. Since optimization algorithms are effective in terms of planning, an advanced hybrid particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm (PSOGSA) is applied to the proposed scenario to detect the optimum solution. The optimum solution represents the optimum plan that attains the best coverage with the minimum cost. We submit cost analysis depends on three trails of construction cost, power and channel cost efficiency. To highlight that the optimal plan has been revealed, another recently developed optimization algorithm, a simplified adaptive bat algorithm based on frequency (FSABA) and a classic particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm are also applied to the suggested scenario. The obtained results are compared with the related findings of the PSOGSA. From the simulations, it is found that the PSOGSA achieves better performance than the other two algorithms with fruitful and promising results, and the optimal plan featuring great coverage at the cell edge and cost-saving is attained.
Highlights
The coverage area still plays a pivotal role in cellular network studies
The second concept is the variable cost represented by the transmitting power of each Relay nodes (RNs), which we indicate by a power factor x that is the ratio between the power of the relay node to the power of the evolved node-B (eNB)
We employ 50 iterations to ensure that 10 agents that act as candidate solutions for the search space will fully converge to the optimum solutions for 2 variables in the optimization algorithms:
Summary
The coverage area still plays a pivotal role in cellular network studies. In the most exhaustive section, the users on the cell edge suffer from the instability and interruption of the service due to the coverage deficiency. A solution for the coverage absence at the cell edge is needed. One of the important and useful features that represents a leap in the telecommunication domain and can be employed to improve the coverage at the cell edge is the relay node. Relay nodes (RNs), which are low-power nodes, can offer a solution to improve the coverage at the cell edge by supporting the connectivity between the evolved node-B (eNB) and the users. Planning the deployment of relay nodes and choosing their numbers, power and locations in
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
