Optimization of the composition of a three-component biofuel mixture

Abstract

The article analyzes the problem of reducing the dependence of diesel engines on petroleum fuels and improving their performance through the use of alternative renewable fuels. It is shown that at this stage of the development of domestic alternative energy, it is more rational to use vegetable fuels in internal combustion engines. A procedure for optimizing the composition of a three-component biofuel mixture based on the results of studying the effect of its use in the D-240 diesel engine is presented. Regression equations for the dependence of the properties of three-component mixtures on their composition are obtained and isolines are constructed in barycentric coordinates of the triangular diagram "composition – property". It has been established that when the supply of a three-component biofuel mixture is changed, the diesel power changes from 31 to 55 kW. At the same time, significant differences in the compositions of the mixtures are noticeable when obtaining the same power range. Changing the ratio of ethanol and water at the inlet and vegetable oil into the combustion chamber changes the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases of a diesel engine in the range from 1.32 to 1.95 mg/l. When ethanol and inlet water and vegetable oil are supplied to the combustion chamber, the content of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases varies from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/l. An analysis of the isolines plotted together on the simplex shows that at a power above 45 kW, the power and toxic performance of a diesel engine are primarily affected by nitrogen oxides. Increasing the permissible concentration of nitrogen oxides by only 0.07 mg/l significantly increases the area for obtaining power above 45 kW. The second in terms of the severity of imposing restrictions on obtaining high powers, and, consequently, on the composition of mixtures, is carbon black. The power range above 45 kW sharply increases with an increase in the allowable opacity of exhaust gases from 0.21 to 0.27 mg/l.