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Abstract
Due to the escalating bacterial resistance, the objective of the current investigation was to discover the most favorable condition for the fabrication of a novel bionanocomposite consisting of sodium alginate, montmorillonite, and ZnO, possessing the greatest degree of antibacterial efficacy. To determine the optimal synthesis conditions for nanocomposite with the most favorable antimicrobial activity, a total of nine experiments were devised via the Taguchi methodology. The studied nanocomposites were produced using the in situ method. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized nanocomposites was assessed against Streptococcus mutans through the utilization of the colony-forming unit methodology. The nanocomposites synthesized, consisting of 60 mg/mL alginate, 0.6 mg/mL montmorillonite, and 6 mg/mL ZnO, exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity. The greatest effect on bacterial viability was related to the ZnO factor. The synthesis of alginate/MMT/ZnO nanocomposites with desirable conditions was confirmed using various analyses. This study showed that alginate/MMT/ZnO nanocomposite has high performance under optimal conditions, and applying optimal levels of components improves the antibacterial properties of the synthesized nanocomposite.
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