In Vitro Evaluation of Bacterial Adhesion and Bacterial Viability of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis on the Abutment Surface of Titanium and Zirconium Dental Implants.

Ana Stefany Meza-Siccha,Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis,Wilmer Silva-Caso,Carolina Barragan-Salazar,Fernando Mazulis,Juana Del Valle-Mendoza

doi:10.1155/2019/4292976

Ana Stefany Meza-Siccha, Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4292976

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Abstract

Objective To evaluate the in vitro adherence and viability of 3 bacterial species Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277) on the surfaces of dental implants of titanium, zirconium, and their respective fixing screws. Methods Two analysis groups were formed: group 1 with 3 titanium pillars and group 2 with 3 zirconium pillars, each with their respective fixing screws. Each of these groups was included in tubes with bacterial cultures of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277). These samples were incubated at 37°C under anaerobic conditions. Bacterial adherence was assessed by measurement of the change in colony-forming units (CFU), and bacterial viability was evaluated with the colorimetric test of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). Results The bacterial adhesion in the titanium abutments was higher for Streptococcus mutans (190.90 CFU/mL), and the viability was greater in Porphyromonas gingivalis (73.22%). The zirconium abutment group showed the highest adherence with Streptococcus mutans (331.82 CFU/mL) and the highest bacterial viability with the S. sanguinis strain (38.42%). The titanium fixation screws showed the highest adhesion with S. sanguinis (132.5 CFU/mL) compared to the zirconium fixation screws where S. mutans had the highest adhesion (145.5 CFU/mL). The bacterial viability of S. mutans was greater both in the titanium fixation screws and in the zirconium fixation screws 78.04% and 57.38%, respectively. Conclusions Our results indicate that there is in vitro bacterial adherence and viability in both titanium abutments and zirconium abutments and fixation screws for both. Streptococcus mutans is the microorganism that shows the greatest adherence to the surfaces of both titanium and zirconium and the fixing screws of the latter. On the contrary, bacterial viability is greater on the titanium abutments with P. gingivalis than on the zirconium abutments with S. sanguinis. With respect to the fixation screws, in both cases, the viability of S. mutans was greater with respect to the other bacteria. In general, the titanium abutments showed less adherence but greater bacterial viability.

Highlights

A biofilm is considered a bacterial functional community made up of one or more species of microorganisms attached to a solid surface. e pathogenesis of periodontal inflammation begins with the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in a susceptible host, other environmental factors play a role in the development of disease [1]. e accumulation of bacterial plaque is required for the development of periodontal inflammation and is an essentialInternational Journal of Dentistry step in other periodontal pathologies [2]
Cultures to Evaluate Adhesion and Bacterial Viability. e titanium and zirconium abutments and their corresponding fixing screws were placed on a sterile Petri dish with 24 pits (Falcon Plastics, Oxnard, CA), and 1000 μL of a bacterial suspension with a 0.5 McFarland scale density was added to each pit. e samples were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours under controlled anaerobic conditions. e bacterial adhesion and bacterial viability were evaluated once the incubation period was over
Adherence and Bacterial Viability on the Surface of Titanium Abutments and Fixing Screws. e bacterial adherence was determined using colony-forming units (CFU) measured by direct microscopic count. e in vitro evaluation of titanium abutment showed the highest bacterial adherence (190.90 CFU/mL) with Streptococcus mutans followed by adherence values of 167.5 and 153.9 CFU/mL for S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis, respectively

Summary

Objective

To evaluate the in vitro adherence and viability of 3 bacterial species Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277) on the surfaces of dental implants of titanium, zirconium, and their respective fixing screws. Two analysis groups were formed: group 1 with 3 titanium pillars and group 2 with 3 zirconium pillars, each with their respective fixing screws Each of these groups was included in tubes with bacterial cultures of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277). E zirconium abutment group showed the highest adherence with Streptococcus mutans (331.82 CFU/mL) and the highest bacterial viability with the S. sanguinis strain (38.42%). Our results indicate that there is in vitro bacterial adherence and viability in both titanium abutments and zirconium abutments and fixation screws for both. The titanium abutments showed less adherence but greater bacterial viability

Introduction

Materials and Methods

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