Abstract
Performance of Self Amplifed Spontaneous Emission (SASE) operation for an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL), is optimized by Multiple Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEA). Different types of hybrid planar undulators are considered to achieve 0.5 Å ≤ λ FEL ≤ 1.5 Å wavelength range. This demand is regarded as a continuous optimization problem, and hence, an evolutionary algorithm is designed to find optimal FEL performance parameters. An encoding scheme comprising of undulator period (λ u ) and undulator gap (g) is adopted here to find optimal values for saturation power (P sat ) and λ FEL subject to several physical constraints on λ u and g such as the ratio of g/λ u and L sat . It is shown that MOEA gives optimal solutions for estimation of L sat with plausible P sat values.
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