Optimization of nitrogen nutrition in increasing the productivity of sugar beet

Abstract

Purpose. Investigate the effect of doses and methods of applying nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of sugar beets after plowing in for fertilizer of winter wheat straw.
 Methods. Short-term field and analytical.
 Results. The results of research on the effect of doses of nitrogen fertilizers applied in spring under pre-sowing cultivation over the background of straw and mineral fertilizers applied under plowing on the productivity of sugar beet are given. The yield of sugar beet, sugar content in roots and biological productivity of crop under the use of alternative organic-mineral fertilizations were determined.
 Conclusions. It was established that alternative organic-mineral fertilizations significantly increased the biological productivity of sugar beet. Application of mineral fertilizers in autumn under deep plowing in a dose of N90Р90К90 against a background of 5 t/ha of straw was determined to be less biologically productive: the yield of roots – 49.9 t/ha, sugar harvest – 8.73 t/ha, exceeding the control without fertilizers by 8.7 and 1.56 t/ha, respectively. The application of N90 in pre-sowing cultivation against the background of 5 t/ha of straw + P90K90 under plowing was determined to be the most optimal for sugar beet: root yield – 55.8 t/ha, sugar harvest – 9.71 t/ha, exceeding the control without fertilizers by 14.6 and 2.54 t/ha, respectively. Increasing the nitrogen dose in the spring by more than 90 kg/ha was not accompanied by a significant increase in yield, reduced the sugar content in roots, and therefore was ineffective.