Optimization of innovative composite sensor for Pb(II) detection and capturing from water samples

Abstract

In developing countries, the lack of analytical infrastructures hindering the regular quality assessments of water quality. The access to affordable, portable and easy-to-use analytical technologies for real-time and on-site water monitoring is necessary to safeguard public health and protect the environment. In this connection, ligand based composite sensor material was successfully developed for optical detection and removal of toxic lead (Pb(II)) ion from water. The fabricated sensor was exhibited the specific functionality for Pb(II) detection and removal from aqueous media in ultra-trace level. The Pb(II) ion detection limit was defined as low as 0.24 µg/L with evolving specific color formation at optimum conditions. The solution acidity was the key point for the formation of specific color after addition of Pb(II) ion by the sensor material. The effect of diverse competing ions were not significantly affected in the Pb(II) ion detection. Moreover, the Pb(II) ion removal data were well fitted to the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 155.27 mg/g. The prepared sensor was completely eluted with 0.20 M HCl after optimum Pb(II) adsorption and then simultaneously regenerated into the initial form for the next detection and removal operation after rinsing with water. The performance of the sensor material platform provides an alternative way to detect Pb(II) ion in trace level in real-life water samples. In addition, the methodology can lead to an affordable and portable diagnostic tool for rapid and on-site monitoring of heavy metals pollution in developing countries.