Abstract
Clonal micro-propagation is of particular importance in the transition to virus-free gardening. The problems of in vitro cultivation are closely related to mineral nutrition, presence of growth hormones and varietal features of plants. The purpose of the research was to study the patterns of responses of the studied genotypes of fruit and berry crops to the effect of various nutrient media. The objects of the study were varieties of garden strawberries, blackberries, pears and apple trees. Single shoots were planted on a modified medium of MS, Boxus, QL, B5, Pierik, Ly de Fossard, Fardzinova. The number of developed buds per explant, the height of micro-shoots, the general appearance and development of micro-plants were taken into account. It was found that exclusion of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and replacement of calcium chloride (CaCl2) with calcium nitrate (Ca (NO3)2) in the Boxus nutrient medium in strawberry provided obtaining optimally developed plants. For blackberries, the best results of proliferation and growth of shoots were obtained on the growing medium of Ly de Fossard, in pear varieties - on the Ly de Fossard medium. For most of the studied apple tree varieties, the most favorable medium was QL, containing 2.0 mg/l of 6-BAP.
Highlights
One of the most effective ways to increase fruit and berry crops yield is the introduction of healthy planting material into production [1]
The transition to virus-free gardening in recent years is of particular importance, when there is a massive spread in plantings of viral infections, increasing the predisposition of plants to be affected by other phytopathogens [5, 6]
Varietal features of plants affect the need for various biologically active substances, and the elements of mineral nutrition in isolated culture; that is why the micro-propagation success is largely determined by correct choice of nutrient medium [13]
Summary
One of the most effective ways to increase fruit and berry crops yield is the introduction of healthy planting material into production [1]. Propagated fruit and berry crops are strongly affected by viral and mycoplasma diseases, leading to productivity loss, decrease in winter hardiness and adaptive properties of the planting material [2-4]. The assortment of fruit and berry crops has been supplemented with a significant number of highly productive commercial varieties that require in vitro study and improvement of technology, taking into account genotypic features [9-12]. A detailed study of regeneration issues makes it possible to use this process for accelerated reproduction and obtaining healthy planting material
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