Abstract
Crude glycerol and swine manure are residues with exponential production in Mexico, nonetheless, they have the potential to generate hydrogen from the fermentation process. For this reason, this study has evaluated the optimization of hydrogen yield from crude glycerol and swine manure, using the response surface methodology. The response surface methodology helps in the compression of the mixture of crude glycerol/ swine manure, with the production of hydrogen as a result, which improves the yields of the process, reducing variability and time of development. A central composite design was employed with two factors, six axial points and four central points. The two factors evaluated were crude glycerol and swine manure concentrations, which were examined over a range of 4 to 10 g L−1 and 5 to 15 g L−1, respectively. This study demonstrated that the thermal pretreatment method is still the most suitable method to be applied, mainly in the preparation of hydrogen-producing inoculum. The maximum hydrogen yield was 142.46 mL per gram of volatile solid added. It used up 21.56% of the crude glycerol (2.75 g L−1) and 78.44% (10 g L−1) of the swine manure, maintaining a carbon/nitrogen ratio of 18.06, with a fermentation time of 21 days. The response surface methodology was employed to maximize the hydrogen production of crude glycerol/swine manure ratios by the optimization of factors with few assays and less operational cost.
Highlights
Hydrogen is a promising candidate as a clean and renewable fuel, since it generates high-performance energy (122 kJ g−1 ) and during its combustion, it generates water instead of polluting gases such as CO2 and NOx [1,2]
In the anaerobic digestion process, it is important to know the physicochemical composition of the substrates, which play an important role for maximizing the hydrogen yield and reducing the volume of the waste
It was demonstrated that the use of inoculum that was enriched with acid and thermal pretreatment on the fermentative process of crude glycerol and swine manure influenced the hydrogen yield
Summary
Hydrogen is a promising candidate as a clean and renewable fuel, since it generates high-performance energy (122 kJ g−1 ) and during its combustion, it generates water instead of polluting gases such as CO2 and NOx [1,2]. This fuel is an alternative to fossil fuels, since it can be obtained from renewable and low-cost sources. Hydrogen is not freely available in the nature; currently, the biggest challenge is finding an efficient way to produce it from renewable sources at a low cost [3,4]. Obtaining hydrogen from biological processes is of interest, since it can potentially be an inexhaustible form of production [5].
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