Optimization of Glucose Loading Time and Alloxan Dosage for Inducing Stable Diabetes

Abstract

Optimization of alloxan dosage is essential for inducing long-term and stable diabetes in experimental animals for diabetes testing. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum of glucose loading time and alloxan dosage for inducing stable diabetes. Glucose loading times were evaluated at intervals of 30, 45, and 60 minutes following the administration of glibenclamide to male Wistar rats that had previously undergone fasting and received a glucose load of 1.35 g/kg.bw. Blood glucose levels were assessed at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after glucose loading. The determination of the optimal glucose loading time was based on the AUC0-180 value calculated from blood glucose measurements using the trapezoidal formula. Intraperitoneal administration of alloxan at doses of 100, 120, 125, 135, and 150 mg/kg of body weight was conducted (n=6). Diabetes status was determined by assessing blood glucose levels on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, and the count of live rat, diabetic rat, and stable diabetic rat was recorded. The optimal timing for glucose loading in glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) with glibenclamide is 60 minutes after drug administration. Alloxan doses of 125, 135, and 150 mg/kg demonstrated consistent and stable diabetic outcomes, with the 125 mg/kg dose producing the highest number of stable diabetic rat. Consequently, the optimal timing for glucose loading is 60 minutes after drug administration, and the optimal alloxan dose for inducing stable diabetes is 125 mg/kg.bw.