Abstract
Extraction from edible plants is a highly important process that has various biological functions. To maximize biological activity, extraction methods should facilitate optimal extraction of functional phytochemicals. In this study, the optimal hydrothermal extraction conditions of Acer tegmentosum were determined using response surface methodology (RSM), and HepG2 cells were treated with optimized extract and hydrogen peroxide. In a central composition design, the independent variables were extraction temperature (X1: 70โ90 ยฐC), extraction time (X2: 2โ6 h), and solvent-to-solid ratio (X3: 50โ150). The maximum total phenolic contents (276.70 ยฑ 10.11 mg GAE/g) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pictylhydrazyl) activity (33.45 ยฑ 2.20%) of A. tegmentosum were estimated at optimized extraction conditions, as follows: X1: 89.34 ยฐC, X2: 7.36 h, X3: 184.09. Using the calculated extraction conditions, functional phytochemicals were extracted by hydrothermal extraction and freeze-dried. A. tegmentosum treatment (>10 ฮผg/mL) of HepG2 cells remarkably attenuated hydrogen-peroxide-inducible hepatic cellular death and reactive oxygen species production in vitro.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is a state of electrical imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular systems [1]
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We focused on the optimal hydrothermal extraction conditions for A. tegmentosum to maintain maximal antioxidant activities in vitro
Summary
Oxidative stress is a state of electrical imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular systems [1]. Disruption of the normal redox state in the cells may cause significant cellular toxicity via the production of superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and singlet oxygen in DNA, proteins, and lipids. Proper consumption of antioxidants is a highly recommended means to prevent cellular oxidative stress in humans. The extraction method is one of the key methods for isolating functional antioxidative components from raw materials. Extraction conditions such as extraction temperature, extraction time, and solvent-to-solid ratio significantly affect antioxidative capacities, including radical scavenging activities and total polyphenol content (TPC) [5]
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