Abstract

Given superior breakdown strength than ferroelectrics, linear dielectrics have garnered plenty of attention, yet their low polarization restricts practicability at low electric fields. Hence, a strategic approach for optimizing the energy storage performance of Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 ceramics by selecting 0.75 K0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.25BiFeO3 as a modulating element to establish relaxor ferroelectrics is put forward in this study. Owing to the incorporation of 0.75 K0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.25BiFeO3 with high polarization, the issue of low polarization in Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 linear ceramics is overcame. (1-x)Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3-x(0.75 K0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.25BiFeO3) (CST-x(KBT-BF)) ceramics reveal a conversion from linear dielectrics to relaxor ferroelectrics, accompanied by a high polarization (>45 μC/cm2) and recoverable energy density of 3.11 J/cm3 under 180 kV/cm, along with remarkable frequency and temperature stability. Simultaneously, the stepped-up relaxor behavior and refined grain size conduce to improve the energy storage performance. CST-0.5(KBT-BF) ceramics exhibit likewise a commendable discharge power density of 18.7 MW/cm3 and an ultra-short discharge time of 46.7 ns at 80 kV/cm. This work set up a conspicuous paradigm to promote the innovation-driven development of advanced energy storage capacitors at low electric fields.

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