Optimization of Conditions for Conidial Production in Bipolaris oryzae Isolated from Rice

Abstract

Conidial production is a critical factor in testing pathogenicity and studying the physiology and ecology of fungal pathogens. Therefore, selecting an appropriate condition and medium for consistent conidia production is essential. In this study, we investigated light conditions and suitable medium conditions using the slide culture method to establish optimal conditions for continuous spore acquisition of <i>Bipolaris oryzae</i>. Primarily, we observed conidial production using two <i>B. oryzae</i> isolates, CM23-042 and 23CM10, under two different light conditions: (1) consistent near-ultraviolet (NUV) with fluorescent light, and (2) a 12-hr shift of the NUVdark cycle. Secondly, we examined conidial formation under seven different media on potato dextrose agar (PDA), V8-Juice agar, minimal medium (MM), sucrose-proline agar (SPA), rabbit food agar (RFA), rice bran agar (RBA), and rice leaf agar (RLA). Under consistent NUV light with fluorescent conditions, conidia were induced in both isolates, whereas conidia were not produced under other conditions after 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). Moreover, <i>B. oryzae</i> isolate CM23-042 produced the highest number of conidia in MM, while isolate 23CM10 yielded the highest number of conidia in PDA after 7 dpi. In summary, our data demonstrated that the consistent NUV light with fluorescent conditions were most conducive for conidia induction in <i>B. oryzae</i>. The selection of a medium for conidiation may vary depending on the <i>B. oryzae</i> isolates, but using MM and PDA or SPA and RFA medium could be effective for spore induction. These findings will contribute to improving conidiation according to the characteristics of collected isolates of <i>B. oryzae</i>.