Abstract
The production of cellulolytic enzymes (β-exoglucanase, β-endoglucanase and β-glucosidase) by Penicillium sp. on three different media in liquid shake culture conditions was compared. The organism exhibited relatively highest activity of endoglucanase among three enzymes measured at 7-day interval during the course of its growth on Czapek-Dox medium supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) cellulose. Cellulose at 0.5 %, lactose at 0.5 %, sawdust at 0.5 %, yeast extract at 0.2 % as a nitrogen source, pH 5.0 and 30 °C temperature were found to be optimal for growth and cellulase production by Penicillium sp. Yields of Fpase, CMCase and β-glucosidase, attained on optimized medium with Penicillium sp. were 8.7, 25 and 9.52 U/ml, respectively with increment of 9.2, 5.9 and 43.8-folds over titers of the respective enzyme on unoptimised medium. Cellulase of the fungal culture with the ratio of β-glucosidase to Fpase greater than one will hold potential for biotechnological applications.
Highlights
Energy and environment are the essential aspects of human life almost all over the world
The maximal secretion of extracellular protein content was derived from basal medium followed by Czapek-Dox medium and minimal medium; Penicillium sp. grown in Czapek-Dox medium yielded highest production of all three enzyme components of cellulase with 0.94, 4.21 and 0.21 U/ml filter paperase, Carboxymethyl cellulase and b-glucosidase, respectively
Filter paperase (FPase) activity was not detected in culture filtrate of basal medium but activities of Carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) and b-glucosidase to the titer of 2.88 and 0.19 U/m1 were observed
Summary
Energy and environment are the essential aspects of human life almost all over the world. Major constraints in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials for the production of fermentation sugar are low productivity and the high cost of cellulases (Lee et al 2010). This cellulose polymer could be converted into simple sugars in saccharification process by cellulase enzymes derived from microbial system. The simple sugar can be utilised by other organisms to produce a variety of fermentation chemicals (alcohols-ethanol, butanol, solvents-acetone or 2,3-butanediol etc.) (Gadgil et al 1995; Hoshino et al 1997; Van Wyk 2001; Lee et al 2008; Sanil et al 2015) In addition to their importance in saccharification, cellulases are currently being used in several other. In view of maximum growth and cellulase activity on the Czapek-Dox medium at 7th day interval, subsequent experiments were carried out on Czapek-Dox medium, to find out the influence of supplementation of different carbon, nitrogen lignocellulose sources, temperature, pH and surfactants on growth, secretion of extracellular protein content and cellulase production by Penicillium sp. at only 7th day incubation
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