Abstract
Cellulase finds use in saccharification of lignocellulosic agroresidues to fermentable sugars which can be used for production of commercially important metabolites. This study reports endoglucanase (CMCase) production by Enhydrobacter sp. ACCA2. The CMCase activity of the strain ACCA2 was successively improved by optimization of range of physical and nutritional parameter in a set of non-statistical and statistical experiments. Initial non-statistical selection of carbon source, incubation time, temperature and pH resulted in 1.07 fold increase of CMCase activity. In a subsequent statistical method, response surface methodology, optimization of medium components such as carboxymethylcellulose, peptone, NaCl, MgSO4, K2HPO4, and (NH4)2SO4 yielded further increase up to 2.39 fold CMCase activity. The cellulolytic potential was evaluated in biomass saccharification with different plant materials and the results revealed that the enzyme produced by strain may have significant commercial values for industrial saccharification process. Moreover, this is the first report of cellulase production by an Enhydrobacter spp.
Highlights
Cellulose biomass is the most abundant and renewable resource and attractive raw material for many industries in production of animal feed (Beauchemin et al, 1995; Lewis et al, 1996; Twomey et al, 2003), manure, paper (Kirk et al, 2002), and fuel (Fujita et al, 2002; Chang, 2007)
The results showed that strain ACCA2 could utilize a range of carbon sources, and a maximum cellulose activity (2.61 U/mL) was observed when carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) was used as the sole carbon source
Several cellulolytic microorganisms have been isolated from diverse environments, such as soil (Soares et al, 2012; Sethi et al, 2013), organic waste (Eida et al, 2012; Ghio et al, 2012), gut (Jyotsna et al, 2010; Dantur et al, 2015), animal waste (Singh et al, 2013) marine sediments (Ji et al, 2012; Harshvardhan et al, 2013; Santhi et al, 2014a) and seaweeds (Santhi et al, 2014b)
Summary
Cellulose biomass is the most abundant and renewable resource and attractive raw material for many industries in production of animal feed (Beauchemin et al, 1995; Lewis et al, 1996; Twomey et al, 2003), manure, paper (Kirk et al, 2002), and fuel (Fujita et al, 2002; Chang, 2007). Cellulases, a group of glycosyl hydrolases, including endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase, show distinct enzymatic actions on the breakdown of cellulose (Yang et al, 2014) These cellulose hydrolytic enzymes are produced naturally by a wide range of microbial communities, including bacterial and fungal species of diverse environmental origin (Santhi et al, 2014a). Cellulase production is inducible in bacteria, significantly influenced by nutritional composition and physical process parameters such as incubation period, temperature, pH and agitation speed (Maki et al, 2011; Goyal et al, 2014; Yang et al, 2014). One unit (U) of enzyme activity was defined as the amount of enzyme that liberated 1 μmol of reducing sugars per minute under the above conditions (Wood and Bhat, 1988)
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