Optimization Model of Water Resources Allocation in Coal Mine Area Based on Ecological Environment Priority

Abstract

It is of great practical significance to explore the efficient water resources allocation model based on ecological environment priority in coal mine areas. In this paper, an open-well coal mining area is selected as the study area. Firstly, the changing characteristics of water supply and demand balance in the study area during 2015–2020 are studied, and the defects of the existing water resources allocation mode are analyzed. Then, considering the economic, social, and ecological factors, a multi-objective model of optimal allocation of water resources was established. Finally, the optimal water resource allocation scheme was obtained by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results indicate that both the water supply and consumption in the study area decreased from 2015 to 2020. The utilization rate of fresh water also has been declining year by year, and the water source structure tilted to the reclaimed water resources. Among water users, coal mining water consumption is the highest, while ecological water consumption is the lowest. There is still a large amount of recycled water that has not been reused, resulting in a waste of water resources. The optimal water resources allocation scheme shows that the allocation scheme meets the needs of each water user within the limits of the water supply source. The sewage reuse rate reached nearly 100%, which realized the maximum utilization efficiency of water resources. The utilization rate of fresh water was 29.94%, and the dependence on freshwater resources was reduced. Reclaimed water accounts for 77.8% of the total water consumption. The water source structure has been optimized to realize efficient use of water resources.