Optimization Analysis of the Residential Window-to-Wall Ratio Based on Numerical Calculation of Energy Consumption in the Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Zone of China

Haiqiang Liu,Dongze Li,Weite Lu,Zhihao Zhang,Shoichi Kojima,Xidong Ma

doi:10.3390/su13116138

Haiqiang Liu, Dongze Li + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116138

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Journal: Sustainability	Publication Date: May 29, 2021
Citations: 10	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Saga University

Abstract

Along with the rapid urbanization and economic growth of China over the past decades, the thermal comfort needs of the people in this region have risen dramatically, and at the same time, promoting building energy efficiency is cited as part of the major projects in the 14th five-year plan for energy efficiency improvement. In addition, the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has plunged people into long-term panic, and promoted the entire construction industry to think about a healthier and more sustainable living environment. To respond to the imbalance between energy supply and demand, an optimization analysis based on energy use is developed, assessing the energy efficiency of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) design and calculating the energy consumption of three different types of residential buildings for both cooling and heating loads as well as for year-round loads. Owing to its harsh climate and huge energy consumption, in this study, the Hot-summer and Cold-winter (HSCW) zone of China was chosen as the experimental setting for the optimization analysis of WWR. Then, in the three main types of residential buildings, including detached houses, multi-story dwellings and high-rise dwellings, a correlation between WWRS and energy consumption in the cooling season, heating season and year-round was built. The comparisons between the WWRS and energy consumption for different types of residential buildings are presented. The design optimization recommendation for WWRS are proposed. It has significant positive meanings for the development of green and sustainably designed residential buildings that offer high levels of thermal comfort and energy efficiency.

Highlights

IntroductionAs populations and living standards have climbed, energy issue has become more and more prominent in present-day world society and, in the near future, energy will likely become a worldwide resource shortage [1,2]
Introduction published maps and institutional affilIn recent decades, as populations and living standards have climbed, energy issue has become more and more prominent in present-day world society and, in the near future, energy will likely become a worldwide resource shortage [1,2]
(27.9% in 2018) that accounts for total national energy consumption after industrial energy consumption, and approximately 65% of the energy is consumed in the heating and cooling loads of residential buildings [4]

Summary

Introduction

As populations and living standards have climbed, energy issue has become more and more prominent in present-day world society and, in the near future, energy will likely become a worldwide resource shortage [1,2]. For example, has seen a steady increase in its energy demand, with an average annual growth rate of around 5.50% over the last 39 years. Its total energy use has risen from 603 million tonnes of standard coal equivalent in 1980 to 4870 tonnes in 2019 [3]. Numerous relevant data show that the residential energy consumption (REC) is the second category (27.9% in 2018) that accounts for total national energy consumption after industrial energy consumption, and approximately 65% of the energy is consumed in the heating and cooling loads of residential buildings [4].

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