Optimisation of Physical Parameters for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity of Acalypha Hispida Leaf Extract

A Banso A Banso,F Banso F Banso,A A Koleola A A Koleola,S.o Ajeigbe S.O Ajeigbe

doi:10.48198/njpas/20.b16

Abstract

Utilization of available local resources is essential in primary health care. The Genus Acalypha belongs to the family Euphobiaccae. It consists of many species of diverse medicinal uses. The plant is found in different geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Extract of Acalypha hispida leaves were examined for their antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli (ATCC 28923), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 28923), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051). Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible to the effect of A. hispida in susceptibility studies while E. faecalis which has the lowest ranges of suppression appeared to be more resistant. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract ranged between 20mg/ml and 35mg/ml. The diameter of zone of inhibition of the extract increased with increase in extraction temperature from 28°C to 80°C when the extract was maintained at these temperatures for 1h. The optimal temperature of extraction for maximum activity of the extract was 80°C while the optimum extraction concentration for maximum activity was 30% (w/v). The extract was thermostable at 45°C temperature. The consequence of the plant extract on the microorganisms suggests that it could be useful in chemotherapy

Highlights

This study evaluates the in vitro vulnerability pattern of leaf extract of Acalypha hispida against some medically important bacteria
When aqueous leaf extract of A. hispida was subjected to 40°C and 45°C for 30 minutes and assayed against E. faecalis, it was found to be thermal stable
The enhanced effect of extract of A. hispida when extracted at temperature as high as 80°C suggest the occurrence of bioactive chemical constituents which are thermo stable at 80°C in the leaf extract of the plant

Summary

Introduction

Medicinal plants have been known for one its practitioners are involved in health care thousand years and are considered potential delivery in developing countries. Where origins of pharmacological agents and/or origins communities patronize traditional medicine, it is of lead compounds in drug evolution (Alhakmani necessary to embrace safe and useful traditional et al, 2014). The utilization of herbal plants as practices that would enable its incorporation into customary health remedies is the most popular for the design and application of natural health care. The use of minimal side effects (Krishna et al, 2012). Plants is safe and cost effective in traditional as well as in contemporary medicine (Treasure et al., The use of available local resources is important 2020).

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