Abstract
This study presents the results of research on heat loss from various types of residential buildings through ventilation systems. Experimental research was done to analyse the effectiveness of ventilation systems of different types and determine the parameters of air discharged via the ventilation ducts. A model of heat loss from the discharge of exhaust air outside through air ducts has since been developed. Experiments were conducted on three experimental systems of building ventilation: gravitational, mechanical, and supply-exhaust ventilation systems with heat recovery. The proposed model dependencies were used to chart the daily fluctuations of the optimum multiplicity of air exchange for precise control of the parameters of mechanical ventilation systems in residential buildings. This study proves that natural ventilation in residential buildings fulfils its function only by increasing the air flow into the building, and that this incurs significant heat loss from buildings during the heating season.
Highlights
In the context of the debate on climate change and the need to increase the energy efficiency of buildings, viable means of reducing heat loss from the ventilation of residential buildings that have to be heated must be found
The test results were used to draw up graphs of variability of the carbon dioxide concentrations, 3
The tests show that natural ventilation should not be used in residential buildings or in communal residential buildings, because natural ventilation does not permit precise control of the
Summary
In the context of the debate on climate change and the need to increase the energy efficiency of buildings, viable means of reducing heat loss from the ventilation of residential buildings that have to be heated must be found. In the climatic conditions throughout Poland, as well as most other countries of Central and Northern Europe, this ventilation system does not guarantee high energy efficiency. It is necessary to undertake research to determine the performance of the different types of ventilation systems used in residential buildings in Central and Northern Europe to reduce energy loss through ventilation systems. Ensuring comfort in residential buildings requires selecting the right air parameters, i.e., temperature, humidity, and concentration of gas, particulate pollutants, and microorganisms. These factors significantly affect the well-being and health of people living in such spaces [3,4,5]. Failure to provide adequate air quality causes residents to experience a number of symptoms of sick building syndrome (SBS) [6,7] including headache, dizziness, dry linings, drowsiness, shortness of breath, and fainting
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