Abstract
Streptomyces hygroscopicus (S.hygroscopicus) is a Gram-positive soil bacterium that can produce secondary metabolites from fermentation that have a therapeutic effect. The fermented S. hygrocospicus metabolites that are still in the form of crude extracts are difficult to develop as drug preparations because the active compounds are not yet known, so it will be challenging to determine the dosage of drugs that have a therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out exploratory research to narrow down the secondary metabolite profile from the fermentation of S. hygroscopicus, using extraction and fractionation methods, which are then identified by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) using a combination of solvents. This study used the extraction method with a separating funnel. The fractionation was carried out using the BUCHI (Sepacore®) Flash Chromatography and Reveleris® PREP Purification System column chromatography gradually using ethyl acetate and n-hexana. 47 and 60 of the fractionation results were taken as samples, that further were profiled using TLC and given the appearance of 10% KOH stains and p-Anisaldehyde - sulfuric acid, so that various classes of compounds with different Rf values were obtained, namely Monoterpenes, Triterpenes, Steroids, Saponins, Coumarin, Scopoletin, and Alkaloids.
Highlights
Streptomyces hygroscopicus (S.hygroscopicus) is a Grampositive group of soil bacteria that can form filaments similar to fungi
Results obtained from fractionation were Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) spots of 47 fractions from fractionation I (Sepacore® Flash Chromatography) and 60 fractions from fractionation II (Reveleris® PREP Purification System Chromatography)
These values were obtained from the observation of the TLC plate that had been sprayed with p-Anisaldehyde - sulfuric acid and heated 110°C for 5 minutes under 254 and 366 nm UV light
Summary
Streptomyces hygroscopicus (S.hygroscopicus) is a Grampositive group of soil bacteria that can form filaments similar to fungi. The genus Streptomyces is widely known for its ability to produce secondary metabolites from fermentation, which can act as antibiotics, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, and immunosuppressive [1]. The secondary metabolites of S.hygroscopicus have been found to contain eponemycin and rapamycin analogs, which have antibiotic and antimalarial activities [2]. The results of the studies mainly indicated that there is a fermentation phase that produces proteins, lipopeptides, peptidoglycan, and secondary metabolites that have the potential capability to be used as drug candidat [2]. Based on the results of the literature study, it is known that the secondary metabolites of S. hygroscopicus extracted using several solvents can serve various activities, for example, antimalarial and antibacterial activity from ethyl acetate extraction [4], antibacterial activity from ethanol extraction, and antitumor activity from n-hexane extraction [8]
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