Optimal-sustainable multi-energy management of microgrid systems considering integration of renewable energy resources: A multi-layer four-objective optimization

Abstract

This paper presents a techno economic-environmental energy scheduling framework for the multi-energy microgrid system. The suggested model couples the electrical, heating, cooling, and water sections to enhance the flexibility and reliability of the microgrid system. A multi-layer energy scheduling framework has been performed to simultaneously optimize operating cost, carbon emission, underground water extraction, and independency of the multi-energy system. The first layer of the proposed model emphases on the optimal cost-effective operation management of the multi-energy microgrid system. The second layer considers the environmental problems and presents a multi-objective framework to minimize underground water extraction and emission pollution simultaneously. The main advantages of the second layer are that it prevents land subsidence, deterioration of water quality, reduction of water in streams and lakes, drying up of wells, and emission pollution. The third layer tries to enhance the independence of the multi-energy microgrid system from the upstream network to simultaneously optimize the power losses, voltage profile, efficiency, and power quality. The multi-layer model is verified on a typical case study, and the optimization results demonstrate that the independence of the multi-energy microgrid systems and power losses have been improved by 22.81 % and 17.59 %, respectively.