Optimal sites for mini-implant insertion in the lingual or palatal alveolar cortical bone as assessed by cone beam computed tomography in South Indian population.

Abstract

To determine the optimal sites of mini-implant placement in the palatal alveolar cortical bone by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Cone beam computed tomography records of 60 patients were divided into two groups of equal sizes, based on age and sex. The images were analysed using Planmeca Romexis Software (Version 4.1.2). The measurements were made in axial sections of the maxilla and mandible, at 2, 4 and 6mm from the CEJ. The optimal sites were defined in terms of (a) Palatal or lingual alveolar cortical bone thickness and (b) Mesiodistal palatal or lingual inter-radicular width. The optimal site for mini-implant insertion, anteriorly, was the canine-lateral incisor embrasure in both the jaws. Posteriorly, the inter-molar embrasure in the mandible and the molar-premolar embrasure in the maxilla were optimal sites. Females demonstrated significantly lesser bone widths in all areas of the maxilla (P<.05) but greater bone thickness in the mandibular regions, as compared to males. The adolescent age group demonstrated a significantly lesser bone thickness but greater mesiodistal widths than the adult population in both the jaws (P<.05). The optimal sites for mini-implant insertion were the anterior canine-lateral incisor and posterior buccal inter-radicular embrasures, in both the jaws. Significant differences existed between age and gender groups, which need to be kept in mind while choosing the locations for placing mini-implants.