Abstract
The coupled electricity and heat system (CEHS) is considered one of the most efficient energy utilization schemes for the energy transition to solve energy crises and environmental problems. However, the individual data between the power system (PS) and heat system (HS) probably limit the high share and optimization operation. Moreover, the uncertain renewables and complex coupled network create challenges regarding the operation risk of CEHS. Given that the CEHS may be affiliated with different operation entities, this paper proposes two operation modes to achieve the solution of the optimal risk operation model (OROM), including the distributionally robust chance constraint (DRCC)-based centralized risk operation mode (CROM) and the DRCC-based alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) distributed risk operation mode (DROM). By formulating the moment-based ambiguity set estimated from historical data and introducing the operation risk constraints, a tractable reformulation of two-stage DRCC OROM problems is presented under CROM. Moreover, the DRCC-based ADMM distributed algorithm with the guarantee of convergence is developed to optimize the PS and HS independently under DROM considering the operation risk. The two operation modes achieve the minimum amount of information shared between the two systems regarding the underlying distribution. In the numerical case, the approximate OROM solution is obtained between CROM and DROM. The two proposed approaches based on different operation modes outperform the existing methods according to the risk level depicted by different forms of the violation probability and the risk cost compared with Gaussian chance constraint (GCC) under CROM, while the safety coefficient $\epsilon $ is set as 0.25. Then, the impact of the iteration number on the convergence is also discussed with comparison of the classical ADMM under DROM.
Highlights
The increasing amount of environmental problems are accelerating the energy transition and the efficient use of energy [1], [2]
Uncertainty under centralized risk operation mode (CROM), while the risk level defined by different forms of violation probability for the chance constraints is discussed in the given confidence level, which consists of the individual violation probability of the overlimit of power output and network capacity for the coupled electricity and heat system (CEHS), extreme recourse actions, and the joint violation for the individual power system (PS) and heat system (HS)
Concerning the operation model (OROM) problems for the CEHS with different operation entities, this paper presents two distributionally robust chance constraint (DRCC)-based solutions according to different operation modes and provides an operation risk analysis of the numerical case
Summary
The increasing amount of environmental problems are accelerating the energy transition and the efficient use of energy [1], [2]. Numerous approaches have been presented to address the uncertainty of power output for RESs, such as stochastic programming [12]–[16], robust optimization [17]–[20], chance-constrained programming (CCP) [21], and distributionally robust optimization (DRO) [22]–[25] These methods cannot despite the operation risk level. 2) The DRCC applied in this paper handles the RES uncertainty under CROM, while the risk level defined by different forms of violation probability for the chance constraints is discussed in the given confidence level, which consists of the individual violation probability of the overlimit of power output and network capacity for the CEHS, extreme recourse actions (i.e., loading shedding and wind spillage), and the joint violation for the individual PS and HS. The DRCC-based ADMM distributed algorithm is proposed with the decoupling technology of the CEHS, which addresses the RES uncertainty, operation risk, and convergence of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm preserves the private information and high share of the CEHS
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