Abstract
In many settings, people must give numerical scores to entities from a small discrete set—for instance, rating physical attractiveness from 1–5 on dating sites, or papers from 1–10 for conference reviewing. We study the problem of understanding when using a different number of options is optimal. We consider the case when scores are uniform random and Gaussian. We study computationally when using 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 options out of a total of 100 is optimal in these models (though our theoretical analysis is for a more general setting with k choices from n total options as well as a continuous underlying space). One may expect that using more options would always improve performance in this model, but we show that this is not necessarily the case, and that using fewer choices—even just two—can surprisingly be optimal in certain situations. While in theory for this setting it would be optimal to use all 100 options, in practice, this is prohibitive, and it is preferable to utilize a smaller number of options due to humans’ limited computational resources. Our results could have many potential applications, as settings requiring entities to be ranked by humans are ubiquitous. There could also be applications to other fields such as signal or image processing where input values from a large set must be mapped to output values in a smaller set.
Highlights
Humans rate items or entities in many important settings
Users of dating websites and mobile applications rate other users’ physical attractiveness, teachers rate scholarly work of students, and reviewers rate the quality of academic conference submissions
For rating attractiveness, three popular sites all use a different number of options
Summary
Users of dating websites and mobile applications rate other users’ physical attractiveness, teachers rate scholarly work of students, and reviewers rate the quality of academic conference submissions. In these settings, the users assign a numerical (integral) score to each item from a small discrete set. On the mobile application Tinder, users “swipe right” (green heart) or “swipe left” (red X) to express interest in other users (two users are allowed to message each other if they mutually swipe right), which is essentially equivalent to using a binary {1, 2} scale Education is another important application area requiring human ratings.
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