Optimal network dimensions for energy conservation in clustered 3D WSN

Abstract

In this paper, the optimal network dimensions of clustered-routing three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor networks is provided. The derivation for such dimensions is based upon the minimum energy consumption cost function in the network. Two 3D network geometries are considered, namely, cuboid and cylinder networks. Analysis and simulations have shown that the minimum energy consumption of the two 3D geometries occurs in special dimensions setup. First, for the cuboid network the optimal network dimensions occur at equal length width and height. We refer to this network as cube network. Second, for the cylinder network the optimal case occurs when the radius of the network is around 68.4% of its height. The results are verified using simulations. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol has been used as the underlining routing protocol in 3D environment. Total network remaining energy, stable region and network throughput are utilized for performance evaluation of the results. It is shown that networks with optimal dimensions achieve maximum network lifetime and throughput with minimum energy consumption. Moreover, in the optimal network dimensions settings the cylinder network utilizes energy more efficiently and outperforms the cube network in terms of network lifetime and throughput.