Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is highly prevalent and has both short- and long-term implications for mother and infant. Literature search using PubMed with keywords 'Gestational diabetes' and 'diabetes in pregnancy' together with published papers known to the authors. The cornerstone of management is medical nutrition therapy with regular self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose levels and intensification of therapy if glycaemic goals are not achieved. Post-partum, annual assessment for type 2 diabetes is recommended. Diagnostic criteria and new biomarkers for GDM and the clinical and economic benefits of treating women with milder levels of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Women with GDM are a heterogeneous group with varying degrees of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Development of alternative diagnostic markers and application of novel technologies for GDM management.

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