Abstract
Ultrasonic phased array technology is used in various fields. Traditional full phased arrays place elements in every position of a uniform lattice with half-wavelength spacing between the lattice points, so the hardware cost is very high. This paper introduces an automatically method to sparsify the full array method with well-controlled sidelobes and the main lobe. By calculating one-dimensional phased array patterns that can reflect phased array performance, the binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm is used to optimize the array layout. The method initialized form full array and decreased several elements step by step, then, a sparse array with comprehensive acoustic performance close to the reference full array is obtained. By applying the proposed method to the sparse array design of total focusing method (TFM), the simulation results indicate that the proposed sparse total focusing method can greatly increase computational efficiency while providing significantly higher image quality. The BPSO can provide effective optimization design for sparse arrays.
Highlights
The phased array technology originated from the advanced phased array radar technology, which is widely used in marine landform detection and advanced anti-submarine sonar
In phased array radar technology, a large number of sub-antenna arrays are arranged according to a certain rule or shape combination, and by controlling the delay and amplitude of the electromagnetic beam emitted by each subarray, a flexible and variable radar focus can be formed within a certain time and space beam
Peng et al [9] increased the array aperture to shorten the time for total focusing method (TFM) calculation, but the unified sparse array method used does not consider the effect of element layout on array performance
Summary
The phased array technology originated from the advanced phased array radar technology, which is widely used in marine landform detection and advanced anti-submarine sonar. Peng et al [9] increased the array aperture to shorten the time for TFM calculation, but the unified sparse array method used does not consider the effect of element layout on array performance. Bray et al [12] used a genetic GA to optimize the element layout of the linear sparse phased array, because of the sound field characteristics of the sparse array are not considered, the effective aperture of the sparse array and that of the full array are inconsistent, thereby affecting the imaging performance of the sparse array. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section II presents the details of the core idea of FMC and TFM technology, further, we elaborate the method of optimizing the element layout of the linear sparse phased array by BPSO. Where hij is the analytical version of the echo received signal
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