Optimal bidding strategy of a gas-fired power plant in interdependent low-carbon electricity and natural gas markets

Abstract

This work presents a bi-level optimization framework to determine the optimal bidding strategies for a strategic gas-fired power plant, exerting market power in interdependent pool-based electricity and natural gas markets, under a carbon emission trading scheme (CETS). The upper-level problem aims at maximizing the profits of the strategic player, while at the lower-level problem, the day-ahead electricity and natural gas markets are cleared sequentially, considering the provision of carbon emission allowances for conventional power producers and high penetration of wind power generation. The bi-level formulation is initially recast into a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC), using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions and duality theory, and is further reformulated into a mixed integer linear program. The proposed algorithm is applied to a Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) 5-bus power grid, incurred by transmission constraints and a single node natural gas network. Numerical simulations provide CETS-embedded electricity clearing prices and optimal bidding decisions for the strategic gas-fired power plant, under plausible power transmission congestions and natural gas prices increment scenarios.